Selection and evaluation of phyllosphere yeasts as biocontrol agents against grey mould of tomato |
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Authors: | Stefanos Kalogiannis Sotirios E Tjamos Anastasia Stergiou Polymnia P Antoniou Basil N Ziogas Eleftherios C Tjamos |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Greece;(2) Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Greece |
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Abstract: | Phyllosphere yeasts antagonistic to the infective activity of Botrytis cinerea were isolated from leaves of greenhouse-grown tomatoes and evaluated in a detached leaf assay for their ability to suppress grey mould. Nine of 30 recovered yeast isolates were found to reduce a disease index by >90% when compared to an untreated control. In greenhouse experiments, the yeast isolate Rhodotorula glutinis Y-44 was the most efficient in controlling grey mould of tomato plants. In further experiments in greenhouse-grown tomato plants the effectiveness of R. glutinis Y-44 was compared with two commercial fungicides. It was demonstrated that R. glutinis Y-44 was as effective as fungicides in controlling the pathogen. Moreover, the population of R. glutinis Y-44 was monitored for 8 weeks after application on tomato plants. The isolate successfully colonized the plant surface, although the population decreased by 10-fold 8 weeks after application. Since B. cinerea is also a major post-harvest pathogen for tomato fruits, the ability of R.␣glutinis Y-44, to protect artificially infected wounded tomato fruits was also tested. It was shown that R.␣glutinis Y-44 was able to reduce by 50% the percentage of infected wounds compared to the untreated controls. |
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Keywords: | biological control Botrytis cinerea Rhodotorula glutinis |
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