间歇投喂模式对刺参摄食、生长和消化酶活性的影响

为了探讨间歇投喂模式对刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)摄食、生长和消化酶活性的影响，以1 d·次^-1的连续投喂为对照组，采用2 d·次^-1的间歇投喂模式，设置正常投喂量(100%)的125%、150%、175%和200%共4组投喂水平，对平均体重为 (3.41±0.05) g的刺参投喂30 d，对刺参的摄食、生长和消化酶活性进行检测。结果显示：间歇投喂模式能够对刺参生长产生显著影响，刺参特定生长率随着投喂水平的上升而增加，但与对照组差异不显著； 刺参增重率与投喂水平呈正相关，200%组达到最佳，显著高于对照组(P<0.05)；随着投喂水平的增加刺参摄食率逐渐升高，而饲料转化率呈现先下降后升高的变化趋势，200%间歇投喂处理的刺参摄食率显著高于100%连续投喂处理，而200%和125%间歇投喂处理的刺参饲料转化率与100%连续投喂处理间无显著差异；间歇投喂模式对刺参蛋白酶活性产生显著影响，125%、150%组蛋白酶活性显著降低(P<0.05)，而175%、200%组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)，但投喂模式对淀粉酶活性影响不显著。结果表明：基于刺参的生长性能和对饲料的转化利用，认为在刺参工厂化养殖中采用2 d·次^-1的间歇投喂模式，以175%～200%投喂水平进行养殖管理，能够满足刺参的正常摄食需求，有效促进刺参的生长。

Effects of Intermittent Feeding Mode on Feed,Growth and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Sea Cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus Selenka

In order to investigate the effects of feeding mode on growth, feed and digestive enzyme activities of sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus Selenka, the continuous feeding of 1 d·time^-1 was used as the control group, and the intermittent feeding mode of 2 d·time^-1 was used, with 125%, 150%, 175% and 200% of the normal feeding amount (100%). The sea cucumber individuals with an average body weight of (3.41±0.05) g were fed for 30 d under different feeding patterns, and the feeding, growth and digestive enzyme activities of sea cucumber were detected. The results showed that the intermittent feeding mode could significantly affect the growth of sea cucumber, and the specific growth rate of sea cucumber increased with the increase of feeding level, but there was no significant difference with the control group. The weight gain rate of sea cucumber was positively correlated with the feeding level, and it was the best in 200% group, which was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05). With the increase of feeding level, the feeding rate of sea cucumber gradually increased, while the feed conversion rate showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. The feeding rate of sea cucumber with 200% intermittent feeding was significantly higher than that with 100% continuous feeding, but there was no significant difference between the feed conversion rate of sea cucumber with 200% and 125% intermittent feeding and that with 100% continuous feeding. Intermittent feeding mode had a significant effect on protease activity of sea cucumber. The protease activity of 125% and 150% groups decreased significantly (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between 175% and 200% groups and the control group (P>0.05), but the feeding mode had no significant effect on amylase activity. It was demonstrated that the intermittent feeding mode of 2 d·time -1 and the feeding level of 175%~200% could meet the normal feeding needs of sea cucumber and effectively promote its growth, based on its performance and feed conversion and utilization.