化学与物理刺激对马铃薯块茎蛾产卵行为的影响

【目的】通过行为观察揭示物理与化学因素联合作用对马铃薯块茎蛾(Phthorimaea operculella)产卵行为的影响,为马铃薯块茎蛾行为调控技术的发展提供依据。【方法】将新鲜马铃薯块茎分别用药液(庚醛、桉叶油醇)浸泡后晾干、用纱布或浸透块茎汁液的纱布包裹块茎,之后在温度(27±2)℃,相对湿度50%—70%,光周期L﹕D=14﹕10环境条件下,于暗期(光照强度1.0—1.5 lx)观察马铃薯块茎蛾已交配雌虫在马铃薯块茎上产卵行为表现(包括滞留时间、降落次数、试探产卵次数和落卵量)。【结果】当用低浓度庚醛溶液(0.5 mg·L^-1)处理块茎后,可显著延长雌蛾在块茎上的滞留时间,导致总落卵量(块茎上落卵量+块茎外落卵量)增加,但是不会引起试探产卵次数和降落次数的明显变化。当用庚醛溶液(30 mg·L^-1)处理块茎后,能够引起滞留时间、降落次数和试探产卵次数的显著降低,并导致总落卵量显著增加。当用低浓度桉叶油醇(6mg·L^-1)处理块茎后,可导致块茎上落卵量显著增加,但滞留时间、降落次数及试探产卵次数均无显著差异。当用...

Influences of Chemical and Physical Stimuli on Oviposition Behavior of Phthorimaea operculella

【Objective】The objective of this study is to determine the effect of combination of chemical and physical factors on oviposition behavior of potatoworm (Phthorimaea operculella), and to provide a basis for the development of behavior regulation technology of P. operculella.【Method】Tubers were treated with different methods: (1) soaked in heptanal, cineole solution and then dried, (2) wrapped with cotton gauze, or with cotton gauze loading tuber juice, respectively, then oviposition behavior parameters (including landing times, arresting time, ovipositor-probing times, amount of eggs) of mated females on the tubers were observed at the dark-phase (red light intensity: 1.0-1.5 lx) under the environment-controlled conditions of temperature (27±2)℃, relative humidity 50%-70%, and photoperiod 14L:10D.【Result】Females would arrest for longer time (arresting time), and more eggs would be deposited on the surface of the tubers when heptanal solution (0.5 mg·L^-1) was applied onto the surface of tubers, but the times of ovipositor-probing and landing did not increase significantly. Significant reduction in arresting time, landing times and ovipositor-probing times, and more egg-deposition, were observed when heptanal solution at the concentration of 30 mg·L^-1 was applied to the tuber surface. More eggs were laid on the surfaces of tubers, and no significant change in oviposition behavior (arresting time, landing times and ovipositor-probing times) occurred when cineole solution (6 mg·L^-1) was applied. Application of cineole solution at the higher concentration (30 mg·L^-1) would result in significant reduction in arresting time, landing times and ovipositor-probing times, and in more egg deposition outside the tuber. When tubers were wrapped with cotton gauze, more eggs were deposited on the tubers, the times of landing and ovipositor-probing decreased significantly, but no significant difference in arresting time appeared. Similar oviposition behaviors were observed when tubers were wrapped with cotton gauze loading tuber juice. Compared with the blank control, the treatment (tubers + cotton gauze loading heptanal (0.5 mg·L^-1)) led to more eggs deposition and longer arresting time, and to significant reduction in times of ovipositor-probing and landing. Compared with the single use of heptanal (0.5 mg·L^-1), it could significantly reduce ovipositor-probing times and landing times, and at the same time, it could significantly increase the amount of eggs on the tuber and the total amount of eggs. Compared with the single use of cotton gauze, there was no significant difference in each index.【Conclusion】Heptanal can stimulate mated female P. operculella to oviposit in more intensive time. At the concentration of 30 mg·L^-1, heptanal will repel the females from the treated potato tuber; at the concentration of 0.5 mg·L^-1, heptanal will show an attractive effect on mated female moths. Cineole (30 mg·L^-1) only has repellent effect on moths, while wrapped with cotton gauze, cotton gauze soaked in tuber juice, cineole solution (6 mg·L^-1) only show stimulating effect on oviposition of females. These results indicate a co-attractive of combination of the chemical stimulus (0.5 mg·L^-1 heptanal) and the physical stimulus (cotton gauze).