浙江南麂岛真蛸网箱和水泥池养殖试验

2005年11月至2006年1月,分别在传统网箱和室内水泥池投放真蛸(Octopus vulgaris)野生苗种22062头,进行了养殖初步试验。主要结果为,55口传统网箱共放养10912头,平均体重233.6g,经过40d养殖,平均体重达660.9g,生长速度快,日增重率高达2.389%,养殖成活率62.8%,饵料系数为8.08。18口室内水泥池共放养11150头,平均体重220.5g,第一阶段经过33d养殖,平均体重达364.5g,生长速度不如传统网箱,日增重率1.402%,养殖成活率70.9%,饵料系数为6.04;第二阶段进入越冬期,生长更慢,经过53d养殖,平均体重达489.5g,日增重率只有0.552%,死亡较严重,养殖成活率仅44.3%,饵料系数为8.97。传统网箱养殖经济效益高于室内水泥池,投入产出比前者为11.210,后者为11.105。此外,还对影响真蛸生长和成活的各种因素、互残和自残行为等方面内容进行了分析探讨。

Net cage and cement tank culture of common Atlantic octopus Octopus vulgaris in Nanji Island, Zhejiang Province

From 2005 Nov. to 2006 Jan., a preliminary experiment on Octopus vulgaris culture was carried out. Totally 22 062 wild octopus larvae were cultured in 55 net cages and 18 cement tanks respectively. In the experiment, the initial average weight of 10 912 octopus cultured in net cages was only 233.6 g. After 40 days, the average weight increased to 660.9 g, with a survival rate of 62.8%.The daily weight gain rate was 2.389% and food conversion ratio was 8.08. The original average weight of 11 150 octopus cultured in cement tanks was 220.5 g. In the first stage of experiment, the average weight reached 364.5 g after 33 days, with a survival rate of 70.9%. The daily weight gain rate was 1.402% and food conversion ratio was 6.04. The second stage was carried out in winter. In the 53-day experiment, the average weight reached 489.5 g, with high mortality and low daily weight gain rate of 44.3% and 0.552%, respectively. The food conversion ratio was 8.97. The economical benefits of net cage culture was higher than that of cement tank culture, with the ratio of input to output of 1:1.210, while that of the latter was 1:1.105. In this paper, factors that may affect the growth and survival of O.vulgaris, the murdering and autotomy behaviors were also discussed.