水稻黄绿叶基因YGL4的遗传分析和分子定位

通过EMS诱变恢复系缙恢10号，获得了一个稳定遗传的全生育期黄绿化叶色突变体。其叶绿素总含量稳定在2.01~2.28 mg g^-1之间，仅有对照的38.2%~50.5%。与对照相比，黄绿叶突变体的有效穗和株高显著下降，而主穗长、一次枝梗数、主穗实粒数、结实率、千粒重则无明显差异。遗传分析表明该性状受一对隐性核基因控制，命名为YGL4。利用微卫星标记将YGL4定位于第10染色体微卫星标记RM3123和RM590之间，分别距其7.6 cM和7.8 cM。在两标记间进一步设计SSR引物，将该黄绿叶基因定位于RM1162和RM7093之间，分别距其1.8 cM和4.0 cM。为该YGL4基因的分子标记辅助选择育种和图位克隆奠定了基础。

Genetic Analysis and Molecular Mapping of a Yellow Green Leaf Gene (YGL4) in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

A leaf color mutant was obtained by EMS treating seeds of restorer line Jinhui 10, this mutation showed complete yellow green leaves during the life, and could be regenerated and inherited stably according to the observation of 5 generations. The content of its total chlorophyll ranged from 2.01 to 2.28 mg g^-1, which was only 38.2% to 50.5% of the original parent. Compared with the original parent, the mutation had no significant difference in the traits of main panicle length, first branch number, filled grain number of main panicle, seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight, except the effective panicle and plant height which were decreased significantly. Genetic analysis of F₂ populations confirmed that the mutational character was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene, temporarily designated as YGL4. The gene was mapped between two microsatellite markers RM3123 and RM590, with genetic distances of 7.6 cM and 7.8 cM to the two markers respectively. New microsatellite markers were designed between RM3123 and RM590, and the YGL4 gene was final mapped between RM1162 and RM7093, with genetic distances of 1.8 cM and 4.0 cM to each of them respectively. This result provided a foundation of molecular marker-assisted breeding and map-based cloning of YGL4 gene.