江苏主栽小麦品种遗传多样性的SSR分析

为了从分子水平上明确江苏省小麦品种资源的遗传多样性水平,选用138对微卫星分子标记(SSR)对江苏省近40年来的90份主栽小麦品种的遗传多样性进行研究。结果表明,在90份主栽品种中,138个SSR位点共检测到542个等位变异,平均每个位点有3.93个等位变异,变化范围2~11;多态性信息含量(PIC值)变化范围为0.032 6~0.824 5,平均为0.415 1;基因组的平均等位变异及PIC值均为BAD;对90个品种按照所应用的麦区可分为淮北麦区品种(45个)和淮南麦区品种(45个),淮北麦区品种平均PIC值为0.428 7,淮南麦区品种平均PIC值为0.356 6,淮南麦区品种基因多样性和PIC值显著低于淮北麦区,并且不同时期淮北和淮南麦区品种的遗传多样性也存在不同的变化趋势。

Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Jiangsu Wheat Cultivars Using SSR Markers

In order to reveal the genetic diversity of wheat cultivars from Jiangsu province at the molecular level,the genetic diversity in 90 major wheat cultivars used in Jiangsu province in recent 40 years were analyzed by microsatellite markers(SSR).The result indicated that 542 alleles were detected at 138 SSR loci from 90 wheat varieties.The average alleles per locus were 3.93,which varied from 2 to 11.The polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.032 6 to 0.824 5,with an average of 0.415 1.Both the average allelic number and the genetic diversity indexes for the three sub-genomes were as B>A>D.According to the ecological regions of wheat growing,the 90 wheat cultivars can be divided into two parts: cultivars of Huaibei wheat area and cultivars of Huainan wheat area.The average PIC value was 0.428 7 in the 45 cultivars of Huaibei wheat area,however,which was 0.356 6 in the cultivars of Huainan wheat area.Variance analysis showed that the gene diversity and the PIC value in the cultivars of the Huainan wheat area were lower than in that of Huaibei wheat area (P<0.01),and the tendency on genetic diversity in the cultivars of different wheat areas was different at different periods.