土壤水分下渗机制及其在半干旱区产流模拟中的应用

尽管目前提出了许多流域水文模型,但多数模型更适用于湿润地区,将这些模型移植到半干旱半湿润地区,往往模拟结果并不理想。为了研究半干旱半湿润地区流域的产流机制,本文通过描述土壤水分的垂直运动过程,建立了湿润峰和饱和带上界面的移动方程,给出了土壤水的动态下渗过程,并据此将径流分为地表径流和壤中流,建立了流域产流模型。还以滦河水系的柳河流域作为研究对象,尝试性地进行了降雨径流的模拟。结果表明:模型的确定性系数达到77.2%以上,用于该流域的产流计算是可行的。

Ifiltration Mechanism of Soil Moisture and Its Application in Runoff Generation Modelling

There are a lot of hydrological models but most of them are only used in humid area successfully,and when they are applied in semi-arid and semi-humid areas,the results are usually not satisfied.In order to study the runoff generation mechanism,a hydrological model for rainfall-runoff simulation was established,based on Kenimatic Infiltration Theory.The runoff was divided into surface flow and subsurface flow.Model performance in Liuhe basin,a subcatchment of Luanhe basin,was evaluated through sensitivity analysis and an exercise of model calibration was taken.