大蒜茎尖组培苗的检测

从市售阿城紫皮蒜生长的叶片经ＰＥＣ沉淀差速离心提纯，获得复合病毒制剂，得率为４．９０ｍｍ（１００ｇ）－１叶。电镜观察病毒粒体为长度５５０～８００ｎｍ的线状物，经抗血清测定主要为洋葱黄矮病毒（ＯＹＤＶ）和大蒜潜隐病毒（ＧＬＶ）。用复合病毒制剂免疫制备的抗血清效价为１０２４～２０４８。ＯＹＤＶ抗血清检测茎尖脱毒组培苗，脱毒率为５０％左右，用ＧＬＶ抗血清检测，脱毒率为９５％～９７％，复合病毒抗血清检测结果与ＯＹＤＶ相同。证明复合病毒抗血清可用于组培苗的检测。组培脱毒大蒜在田间种植１年后发病率为５０％，３年后达８０％。茎尖组培脱毒率不高。需用抗血清逐株检测挑选，淘汰病苗，才能获得健康无毒的大蒜群体。

DETECTION OF VIRUS ON TISSUE-CULTURAL GARLIC SEEDLINGS

Complex virus preparation was obtained by purification through sedimentation with PEG and differential centrifugation from diseased laeves of purple garlic bulbs bought in markets of Acounty,Heilongjiang Province.4.90 mg complex viruses were purified from 100g deseased garlic leaves.All virus particles were flexous rods with 550800 nm in length.OYDV and GLV were two major viruses which were identified by antiserum test. Antiserum against complex virus with titer of 10242048 was prepared.Rate of OYDV free tissue-cultural seedlings was ablut 50%.Rate of GLV-free tissue-cultural seedlings was 95%97%,when detected with ther antisera.The result of testing with complex antiserum was the same as with OYDV antiserum.This indicated that using complex antiserum to detect tissue-cultural gralic seedlings was also reliable and could be used for virus-free garlic production.When tissue-cultural garlic seedling were planted in field,disease incidence was 50% after one year 80% after 3 years.As rate of virus-free seedlings from tissue-culture was rather low,detection of viruses by testing with antiserum was very necessary in order to avoid diseased seedlings occurring in fields.