水氮互作对不同基因型小麦HMW-GS含量及GMP粒度分布影响

 摘要：【目的】小麦籽粒高分子量谷蛋白亚基（HMW-GS）的组成类型及含量与谷蛋白颗粒的分子大小密切相关，是衡量小麦品质优劣的重要性状之一，也是面粉加工品质的主要评价指标。本试验研究了水氮互作对不同基因型小麦品种的单个HMW-GS的相对含量、HMW-GS的总量及GMP粒度分布的影响。【方法】通过反相高效液相色谱（RP-HPLC）和激光衍射粒度分析仪分别对小麦籽粒中的HMW-GS和GMP粒度进行了定量分析。【结果】研究表明，灌水增氮条件促进强筋小麦GC8901、中筋小麦TS23的HMW-GS、LMW-GS的积累及GMP中大粒径颗粒所占百分比的提高，且GMP含量相应提高；相同处理抑制了弱筋小麦SN1391的HMW-GS、LMW-GS的积累，但促进GMP中的大粒径颗粒的形成。与灌水条件相比，干旱增氮条件下，SN1391籽粒中的HMW-GS、LMW-GS含量上升，GMP中的大粒径颗粒所占的比例显著提高。【结论】灌水与增施氮肥互作对GC8901和TS23 GMP中的大粒径颗粒的形成有促进作用，而干旱与增施氮肥能够提高SN1391的大粒径颗粒的粒度分布。

Effects of Water-Nitrogen Interaction on Content of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits and GMP Size Distribution in Wheat Cultivars with Different Genotypes

Abstract:【Objective】The composition type and amount of HMW-GS effect size of glutenin particle and thus flour quality. They are the important traits of wheat quality which reflect strengths and weaknesses of wheat flour. Three wheat cultivars with different Genotypes were selected to study the effects of water-nitrogen interaction on relative content of each HMW-GS、contents of total HMW-GS and GMP size distribution.【Method】Content of HMW-GS and GMP size distribution in wheat grain were quantified by RP-HPLC and laser granularity analysis instrument, respectively.【Result】Irrigation conditions, it is to the benefit of HMW-GS, LMW-GS of GMP accumulation and increasing large particle size distribution of particles of wheat GC8901, medium wheat TS23 by increasing nitrogen fertilizer rate, and thus also the corresponding GMP content increased, while HMW-GS, LMW-GS accumulation of the weak wheat SN1391 has been inhibited, but conducive to the formation of large size particles in GMP. Compared with the irrigation conditions, appropriately, dry conditions (no irrigation), increasing N is conducive to HMW-GS, LMW-GS content of SN1391 grains increased, while the proportion of large size particles in GMP have been significantly improved.【Conclusion】Interaction between irrigation and increasing nitrogen application has positive effect on the GC8901 and TS23, while the drought and increasing nitrogen has a positive effect on SN1391.