RAPD标记遗传距离与猪杂种优势相关性的研究

【目的】探讨利用RAPD分子标记技术预测杂种优势的可能性。【方法】利用RAPD技术测定6个亲本群体间的遗传距离，对亲本群体间遗传距离与10个经济性状的杂种优势率进行相关性分析。【结果】亲本间遗传距离与日增重、料重比、屠宰率和平均背膘厚的杂种优势率呈正相关，与瘦肉率、瘦肥肉比、皮率、眼肌面积的杂种优势率呈负相关。并且遗传距离与料重比和眼肌面积杂种优势率的相关系数达到显著程度（P＜0.05），而与肥肉率、内脂率等性状杂种优势率的相关系数则非常小。【结论】亲本间的遗传距离与杂种优势的相关程度随不同性状而异。

Study on Correlation Between Genetic Distance and Heterosis Percentage of Pig with RAPD Marker

Abstract:The genetic distances between 6 parental lines of pig, which were Landrace (♂), Landrace (♀), Large White (♂), Large White (♀), Meishan (♂) and Meishan (♀), were detected with RAPD, and the heterosis percentages of 10 economic traits were also calculated for F1 generations of Meishan×Large White, Large White×Meishan, Landrace×Large White and Large White×Landrace. Correlative analyses were then performed between genetic distances and heterosis percentages. Results showed that genetic distances were positive correlated with heterosis percentage of average daily gain, ratio of feedstuff to lean meat, carcass yield and average backfat thickness, while negative correlated with that of lean percentage, ratio of lean meat to fat, lion eye area and skin percentage. Moreover, the correlations between genetic distance and ratio of feedstuff to meat, and between genetic distance and lion eye area were significant (p<0.05). In conclusion, correlation between genetic distance and heterosis percentage varied with different traits.