供氮水平对不同氮效率玉米品种氮素吸收、干物质形成及产量的影响

以低氮高效型玉米品种郑单958、高氮高效型玉米品种先玉335、双低效型玉米品种豫单606、双高效型玉米品种秋乐368为材料，研究不同氮效率玉米品种在不施氮肥和纯氮90、180、270、360 kg/hm2处理下产量、干物质积累与转运及氮素吸收利用的差异。结果表明，与双低效型品种相比，低氮高效型品种在低氮条件下可以正常维持物质合成，具有较高的氮素积累量和干物质积累量，粒重增加，进而具有较高产量优势；高氮高效型品种在高氮条件下具有较高的花后干物质积累量、氮素积累量，能维持较长时间的光合作用，子粒库容量较高，库调节能力较强，子粒产量存在优势；双高效型品种同时具有以上特性。

Effects of Nitrogen Supply Levels on Nitrogen Uptake, Dry Matter Production and Yield of Maize Varieties with Different Nitrogen Efficiency

This study investigated the differences of yield, dry matter accumulation and transport, and nitrogen uptake and utilization of maize varieties with different nitrogen efficiency under the treatment of no nitrogen and the N amount of 90, 180, 270, 360 kg/ha with Zhengdan958, Xianyu335, Yudan606 and Qiule368 as materials. The results showed that, compared with the low-nitrogen inefficient cultivars, the low-nitrogen efficient cultivars could maintain the normal substance synthesis under low nitrogen stress, which had higher nitrogen accumulation, higher dry matter accumulation and heavier grain weight, thus had higher yield advantages. The high-nitrogen efficient cultivars had higher dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation after anthesis, and could maintain photosynthesis for a longer time, and possessing higher sink capacity and stronger sink regulation ability under high nitrogen conditions, thus achieving a yield advantage. The efficient-efficient cultivars had the above characteristics of the low-nitrogen efficient cultivars and the high-nitrogen efficient cultivars.