土壤盐胁迫对葡萄光合作用特性的影响

在大田试验正常条件下,使用低盐(L,0.1 mol/L)、中盐(M,0.3 mol/L)和高盐(H,0.5 mol/L)3个不同浓度的盐水对葡萄品种摩尔多瓦(‘Moldova’)进行灌溉,以清水灌溉设为对照(CK),测量了葡萄品种摩尔多瓦3 a生叶片的气体交换特性、叶绿素荧光和相关生理指标(叶片水势)。结果表明:随着盐处理浓度的提高,植物净光合速率逐渐降低,高盐处理尤为明显。气体交换数据表明,净光合速率(Pn)的降低是由于非气孔因素降低造成的。试验表明,葡萄叶片的PSⅡ光化学效率以及羧化效率(CE)均随着盐处理浓度的增加而降低,说明非气孔因素对葡萄光合效率的降低起决定性作用。通过对光响应和CO_2响应以及荧光数据的分析表明,Pn降低的主要影响因素是活化的Rubisco酶含量不足。

The Photosynthesis Characteristics of Grape Under the Stress of Soil Salinity

In normal conditions in the field,grapes ’Moldova’were treated with three different salinity stress;low-grade salinity stress,moderate salinity stress and severe salinity stress condition with water as contrast.Gas exchange and fluorescence characteristics and leaf water potential were observed with 3 years old grape ’Moldova’.The results showed that with the salinity concentration increased,net photosynthesis rate(Pn) decreased.Gas exchange data revealed that the non- stomatal factors leaded to the decrease of Pn because of the decrease of PSⅡphotochemistry efficiency and carboxylation efficiency.The light response curve and A-Ci curve revealed that the insufficient amount of activated ribulose diphosphate carboxylase leads to the decrease of Pn.