小麦矮秆育种中性状间关系的多元分析

以7个株高梯度系列的35个系统及5个亲本品种为材料,采用典范分析和逐步回归分析研究了株高及其构成因子与产量因子、产量生理性状间的关系。结果表明:①株高因子通过产量生理性状影响产量因子,一定的生物学产量是获得高产的基础。②矮秆品种的高化对提高产量、千粒重和收获指数有利,对蛋白质含量的影响不明显;高秆品种矮化能显著提高收获指数,对籽粒的蛋白质含量影响不大。③在主要性状符合育种目标的前提下,选择倒二节间较长、第一和第二叶间距略长、穗颈和穗部较长的类型可能对提高产量有利。

Multiple Analysis on Character Relations for Breeding of Short-stem Wheat

A total of 7 height gradient series were tested including 35 systems and 5 parental varieties. Canonical analysis and stepwise regression were used in the study on relations between the height constituent factors and the yield/yield biology factors. Results indicated.1 . The height factor affected the yield factor through yield biology, and high yield was based on a certain amount of biological yield.2 . The hightening of the short variety benefited the yield increase, the 1000-kernel weight and the harvest index without any significant effects on the protein content. The shortening of the tall variety could significantly increase the harvest index with little influence on the protein content of the kernel.3 . When the main characters met the breeding goal, the selection of such types that had longer last-but-one internodes, longer distance between the first and the second leaves, and longer ear collar and longer ears, could help increase the yield.