烤烟套种甘薯对烟叶质量、烟薯产量及土壤温湿度的影响

为筛选出适宜与烤烟套种的甘薯品种,解决部分烟区烤烟种植调茬难度大与综合效益低等问题,通过田间大区试验,研究烤烟套种不同甘薯品种对烟叶质量、烟薯产量及土壤温湿度的影响。结果表明,烟薯套种能够明显提升土壤相对含水率和烟叶产量,其相对含水率提高幅度介于12.03%~91.88%,烤烟产量增幅为12.29%~31.26%。烤烟套种甘薯以紫薯产量最高,块根产量达29400 kg/hm ²,且单薯质量大于100 g占总薯重的比例在紫薯中最高。烤烟套种甘薯提升了烤烟中上部烟叶的总糖和还原糖含量,降低了烟碱和总氮含量,有利于改善烟叶内在品质。烤烟套种甘薯降低了上部烟叶含梗率,但增大了上部烟叶叶面密度,以烤烟套种紫薯表现突出。烤烟与紫薯套种,可作为一种烟田增产、烟叶增值和烟农增收的种植模式。

Effects of Flue-cured Tobacco Intercropping with Sweet Potato on Quality of Tobacco Leaves,Yields of Tobacco and Sweet Potato and Soil Temperature and Humidity

To select the suitable variety of sweet potato intercropping with flue-cured tobacco, this study analyzed the effects of different sweet potato varieties intercropping with flue-cured tobacco on soil temperature & humidity, quality of tobacco leaves, yields of flue-cured tobacco and sweet potato in field. The results showed that the soil moisture contents in the top 10 cm soil layer and the yield of tobacco leaves were enhanced by 12.03%~91.88% and 12.29%~31.26% respectively, compared with flue-cured tobacco monoculture. The root yield of purple sweet potato was the highest of 29400 kg/hm ², and its ratio of single tuber size more than 100 g was the highest. Flue-cured tobacco/sweet potato intercropping system could improve the internal quality of tobacco leaves, like increasing the total sugar and reducing sugar, decreasing the nicotine and total nitrogen of the middle and upper tobacco leaves. Flue-cured tobacco/sweet potato intercropping system reduced the stem content but increased the leaf density of the upper tobacco leaves, especially in flue-cured tobacco/purple sweet potato intercropping system. In conclusion, the purple sweet potato is the most suitable for intercropping with tobacco, which could provide a cropping system for enhancing yield, output and benefit in production area of flue-cured tobacco.