紫苏籽油对蛋雏鸡生长性能、免疫功能及PUFAs组成的影响

旨在探究紫苏籽油对蛋雏鸡生长性能、抗氧化性能、免疫性能、血液生化指标及机体多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)组成的影响。选用14日龄海兰褐蛋雏鸡120只,随机分4组:C组(基础日粮,n-6/n-3≈15∶1),T1组(基础日粮+0.1%紫苏籽油,n-6/n-3≈10∶1)、T2组(基础日粮+0.6%紫苏籽油,n-6/n-3≈5∶1)、T3组(基础日粮+6%紫苏籽油,n-6/n-3≈1∶1)。结果表明:与C组相比,T1、T2组雏鸡日增重显著提高(P<0.05)、料重比显著降低(P<0.05),试验组胫长增长速率无显著差异(P>0.05),但T1、T2组管围显著升高(P<0.05)。随着紫苏籽油添加量的增加,白蛋白含量存在线性下降趋势,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量均呈线性上升趋势,总胆固醇、甘油三酯及谷氨酰基转移酶呈二次相关趋势,且试验组均显著低于C组(P<0.05),T2组的白蛋白含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。T2组的总抗氧化能力显著高于C组(P<0.05),而T3组的丙二醛含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05),且T2组含量最低。免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M和补体4在0.1%~0.6%范围内有显著增强效果(P<0.05)。随着紫苏籽油添加量的增加,机体内n-3PUFAs显著提高(P<0.05),n-6/n-3值显著下降(P<0.05)。综上所述,紫苏籽油有利于蛋雏鸡机体生长免疫及脂质代谢和PUFAs组成的调节,且以0.6%添加量饲养效果最佳。

Effects of perilla seed oil on the growth and development,immune function and PUFAs composition of young laying chickens

This experiment was to investigate the effect of perilla seed oil on the growth performance, antioxidant performance, immune performance, biochemical index and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs) composition of young laying chickens.A total of 120 14-day old young laying Hyline Brown chickens were used and randomly divided into 4 groups: Group C(fed with basal diet, n-6/n-3≈15∶1), Group T1(with basal diet + 0.1% perilla seed oil, n-6/n-3≈10∶1), Group T2(with basal diet + 0.6% perilla seed oil, n-6/n-3≈5∶1), and Group T3(with basal diet + 6% perilla seed oil, n-6/n-3≈1∶1).The results showed as follows:Compared with Group C, the daily gain of the chickens in Groups T1 and T2 increased significantly(P<0.05), their feed conversion ratio decreased significantly(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the growth rate of the tibia length in the experimental groups(P> 0.05).However, the tube perimeter of the chicks in Groups T1 and T2 had a significant increase(P<0.05).With the increase in perilla seed oil supplement, the albumin content in the chickens showed a linear downward trend, while the contents of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol showed a linear upward trend.The total cholesterol, triglyceride and glutamyltransferase showed a quadratic trend, and these indexes of the experimental groups were significantly lower than those of Group C(P<0.05), and the albumin content in Group T2 was significantly higher than that in the other groups(P<0.05).The total antioxidant capacity of Group T2 was significantly higher than that of Group C(P<0.05), while the content of malondialdehyde in Group T3 was significantly higher than that of the other groups(P<0.05), and the content of malondialdehyde in Group T2 was the lowest.The immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M and complement 4 in the tested chickens showed significant enhancement in the range from 0.1% to 0.6%(P<0.05).The n-3 PUFAs in the chicks increased significantly(P<0.05),but their n-6/n-3 value decreased significantly(P<0.05).In conclusion,perilla seed oil was beneficial in regulating growth,immunity,lipid metabolism and PUFAs composition in young laying chickens,and addition of the oil at 0.6% had the best feeding effect.