光照条件及无机营养对谷子结实的影响

光照条件及无机营养是影响谷子(粟)结实的重要生态因子.从抽穗到抽穗后20天遮光处理对谷子结实有严重影响.用1层、2层和3层纱布遮光,秕谷率分别增高6.18%、25.67%和37.56%,成粒数分别减少33.44%、43.56%和63.08%.遮光程度和秕谷率、成粒数的相关系数分别为0.98和-0.98.氮素营养水平与颖花数、秕谷率的相关系数分别为0.9699和-0.9798.氮素营养在谷子抽穗前18天和抽穗后20天对结实影响最大,此时提高氮素营养水平,秕谷率比对照降低7.22%和9.87%.氮素营养对结实的影响同时也受降水的制约.磷、钾、硼等元素对谷子结实也有明显的影响.本文从生理上分析了光照条件和无机营养对谷子结实的影响.

Effect of Light Condition and Inorganic Nutrition on Seed Setting of Foxtail Millet

Sunshine and inorganic nutrition are important ecological factors affecting Setting rate on foxtail millet (Setaria italica Beauv.) . Seed setting is affected by light shading from heading stage to 20 days after. Treated with one, two or three layers of gauze, the abortive grain rate increases 6.18%, 25.67% and 37.56% respectively, and the number of grains formed reduces by 33.44%, 43.56% and 63.08% respectively. The correlation coefficients of shading degree with the abortive grain rate and the unmber of grains formed are 0.98*and - 0.98*. There is a significant possitive relaton-ship between nitrogen nutrition level and the number of spikelets, while a significant negative relationship existes between nitrogen nutrition level and the abortive grain rate, r=0.9699* and r= -0.9798*. The effect of nitrogen nutrition level playes the most important role on seed setting from 18 days before heading to 20 days after. Raising nitrogen level during this stage, the abortive grain rate reduces 7.22% and 9.87% in two years. The effect of nitrogen nutrition is aiso influenced by rainfall. P,K,B elements affects obviously the seed setting of foxtail millet. The effects of light and inorganic nutrition on seed setting are analyzed physiologically as well.