四川麻鸭与几个肉用品种杂交效果的分析

用四川麻鸭母鸭与建昌鸭、北京鸭和狄高鸭公鸭杂交,纯种设平行的对照。在放牧为主、人工给饲为辅的条件下每隔10日龄测定鸭群至70日龄的体重,并于60和70日龄分别屠宰一半,进行屠体分析。建川、京川和狄川鸭60日龄体重分别为1458.0、1500.0和1436.0克,70日龄分别为1638.5、1792.5和1648.0克,均显著高于四川麻鸭(p<.05)建川和京川还具超双亲表现。自出壳至70日龄体重的杂种优势一般较高而显著。60日龄建川、京川和狄川鸭屠体重(分别为884.0、887.0和882.5克),胸肌重(分别为59.2、49.7和50.5克)和腿肌重(分别为142.4、140.2和136.6克)均超过各自的双亲,屠宰性状的杂种优势,建川和狄川70日龄比60日龄明显下降,而京川则有上升之势。建川鸭胸腿肌赖氨酸和蛋氨酸含量居参试品种和杂种之首,屠体脂肪含量以狄高鸭最高。试验还观察到三个优良肉用品种在放牧为主的条件下不能发挥其快速生长潜力。据此,在四川稻田养鸭条件下推广这三个杂种,可获较大的经济效益。

THE GROWTH AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF CROSSES BETWEEN PARTRIDGE SICHUAN DUCKS AND SEVFRAL MEA-TTYPE BREEDS

Partridge Sichuan(S)ducks were crossed with Jianchang (J), Peking(P) and Tegel (T) drakes, with the purebreds intermated as control groups. The Body weights(B.W.) of 368 ducklings in all of the breeds and crossbreds were recorded from day-old to 60 and 70 days of age in every 10 days under the condition of nomadizing in paddy fields, and then slaughtered for carcass analysis.The B.W.of J×S, P×S and T×S were 1458.0, 1500.0 and 1436.0 g at 60 days of age, and 1638.5, 1792.05 and 1648.0 g at 70 days of age, respectively. J×S and P X S were heavier than their parents.The heterosis for the B.W. were generally positive and statistically significant. The weights of carcass, breast muscl and thigh muscle were higher for crosses than for their parents and significant heterosis was observed for the former two traits at 60 days of of age. The contents of Lysine and Methionine in the breast plus thigh muscle were the highest for J×S, and Tegel ducks were the fattest in the breeds and crossbreds.