甘蔗脱毒种苗培育技术研究

对甘蔗进行改良热处理脱毒及材料的培养,甘蔗茎尖的诱导培养及培养基的筛选,甘蔗茎尖大小对成苗率的影响,甘蔗脱毒苗的增殖培养,抗多酚氧化污染的措施,甘蔗脱毒苗的炼苗、移栽,甘蔗脱毒苗的脱毒效果等方法进行了研究,探讨了甘蔗脱毒苗的培育技术。结果表明:采用改良热处理脱毒和组织培养的方法能有效去除甘蔗病毒,对其它病害也具有一定的抑制作用。不同生长调节剂对甘蔗茎尖成苗的影响有差异。不同的培养基对甘蔗茎尖分生组织培养存在一定差异,以Ⅰ号培养基效果较好(MS 2.5 mg/L BA 0.2 mg/L NAA 0.5 g/L AC 2.5%蔗糖);外植体甘蔗茎尖大小不但对植株再生能力、成苗率有影响(呈正相关),同时甘蔗茎尖大小对脱毒效果也有影响(呈负相关),以1~2 mm,带有1~2叶原基的茎尖较为适宜。多酚氧化污染是甘蔗组培中最大的污染源,在组培初期采用一段时间的暗培养和加入活性炭能有效抑制多酚害污染,同时也带来一定的负作用,本试验采用在培养基中加入0.5 g/L AC和经5~7 d暗培养是适宜的。

Study on Cultivation Techniques for Virus-free Seedling of Sugarcane

The culture techniques including treatments of sugarcane buds by hot water,induction culture of sugarcane stem apex,selection of culture medium,effects of survival rate of seedling on size of stem apex,multiplicative culture of virus-free seedling,measures to control contamination from multi-phenol oxidation training and transplanting of virus-free seedlings and virus-free effects of virus-free seedling are studied.The results show that the hot water treatment and tissue culture can eliminate sugarcane virus effectively,the different medium have the different effects on meristematic tissue of sugarcane stem apex,the different growth hormones reveal different effects on survival rate of seedlings cutured from sugarcane stem apex.The better culture results can be obtained when stem apexes with 1~2 cm and 1~2 leaf primordium are cultured on No.I medium(MS 2.5 mg/L BA 0.2 mg/L NAA 0.5 g/L AC 2.5% sucrose).The contamination from multi-phenol oxidation can be effectively controlled when the medium is added with 0.5 g/L AC.