发展保护性耕作技术 有效防治耕地土壤侵蚀

 我国是世界上人均耕地最少的国家之一,人均耕地仅为0.093 3 hm2,不到世界平均水平的40%。同时,我国也是世界上耕地土壤侵蚀最严重的国家之一,全国耕地土壤侵蚀面积为4 033万hm2,占耕地总面积的33.15%。仅坡耕地每年产生的土壤流失量约达15亿t,占全国土壤侵蚀总量的33%。耕地土壤侵蚀已对我国的粮食安全、生态安全和经济社会可持续发展构成了严重威胁。论述了水土保持领域发展保护性耕作技术的重要意义、产生与发展、主要技术内容与技术模式及保护性耕作技术的生态、经济和社会效益。发展保护性耕作技术,是水土保持的新理念,对于有效防治耕地土壤侵蚀和非点源污染具有重要意义。

Developing conservation tillage to effectively control soil erosion on farmland

China is one of the countries with scarcest farmland per capita in the world,which is only 0.0933hm2 accounting for less than 40% of the world average level.In the meantime,our country is also one of the countries with most serious problem of cultivated land soil erosion,it＇s area is 40.33 million hm2 occupying 33.15% of total cultivated land of the whole country.Only the annual soil loss of the slope cultivated land is about 1.5 billion tons making up 33% of total soil loss of the whole country.The soil erosion has constituted serous threat to food security,ecological security,social and economic sustainable development in our country.The paper expounded the important significance,generation and development,major techniques contents and models of conservation tillage in the field of soil and conservation.Developing conservation tillage technique is a new concept of soil and conservation and has an important significance to effectively control farmland soil erosion.