杉木无性系选择与木材生产相结合的研究

自 1 964年以来 ,我国建立了大面积的杉木种子园 ,选出了许多优良家系和优良种源。但是 ,种子产量不稳定 ,控制授粉成本高 ,育苗技术复杂 ,是实生苗造林中存在的问题。无性系林业可以获得更高的增产效果 ,凡可以低成本大规模无性繁殖的树种 ,均应采用无性系林业 (朱之悌 ,1 986)。 1 0余年来 ,扦插育苗和成年树复壮技术有了重大进步 (李明鹤等 ,1 990ａ;1 990ｂ ;1 990ｃ) ,这为实现完整的无性系林业 (ｆｕｌｌｃｌｏｎａｌｆｏｒｅｓｔｒｙ )铺平了道路。但是 ,传统的无性系育种法所需时间长 ,遗传基础窄 ,不适合于杉木。 1 986年 ,李明鹤…

CLONAL SELECTION IN COMBINATION WITH TIMBER PRODUCTION OF CHINESE FIR (CUNNINGHAMIA LANCEOLATA)

Fifteen cuttings of each donor were taken from a clonal hedging orchard and rooted in Hunan Province in spring of 1991. A total of 552 clones were selected out of 1 000 clones based on rooting percentage, growth rate and resistance to disease and insects in 1992 and was divided into two groups. One group contained 252 clones and was planted in Hubei Province in a randomized complete block design with single tree plot and 5 replications. Seedlings from a local source were used as controls. About 15% of the least desired clones were rogued from the test plantations and the clonal hedging orchard in 1994 and 1997 It was found that: the height, diameter and volume growth of the stecklings were consistently and significantly higher than those of the seedlings over the years; the absolute growth difference between the seedlings and the stecklings increased with age dramatically, however, the gain as a percentage of current size decreased rapidly; there were significant differences among clones and roguing raised the average performance of the steckling population; early late correlation coefficients in growth of the clones were low. The results indicated that clonal selection can be done in combination with timber production and the increase of plantation performance and the development of clonal varieties can be achieved incrementally over time by roguing in the cutting orchard. The method was likely to be more effective for Chinese Fir than traditional clonal breeding method. The high percentage of gain from early selection will be low at rotation age and few clones that have not been well studied should not be used in production practice.