保水缓释肥料对食用菊花生长及养分吸收的影响研究

为了给菊花生产提供保水缓释肥施用的参考依据，利用温室盆栽试验，研究和比较了保水缓释肥料和普通缓释肥料对食用菊花生长发育、产量及其氮素效应的影响。试验设计了不施肥(CK)、单施保水剂(B)、单施缓释肥(H)和保水缓释肥(BH)4个处理。试验结果表明，与缓释肥处理相比，保水缓释肥料显著促进了菊花的生长，其中株高增加约8 cm、叶绿素含量提高4%以上，生物量提高25%以上；保水缓释肥处理植株氮、磷、钾含量比缓释肥处理显著增加，提高氮素利用率23个百分点以上；同时保水缓释肥能显著降低土壤硝态氮的含量，从而降低氮素淋洗流失的风险。因此，保水缓释肥对菊花肥效显著，优于缓释肥。

Effect of Hydroabsorbent Mixed Slow Release Fertilizers on Growth and Nutrients Uptake of Edible Chrysanthemum

The aim was to provide the basis on the application of hydroabsorbent mixed slow-released fertilizer in Chrysanthemum . A pot experiment was conducted to study and compare the effects of hydroabsorbent mixed slow-released fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer on Chrysanthemum＇ s growth, yields and nitrogen effects. Four treatments were set up, which were control （CK）, hydroabsorbent （B）, slow-release fertilizer （H） and hydroabsorbent mixed slow-released fertilizer （BH）. The results showed that, compared with H treatment, the hydroabsorbent mixed slow released fertilizer significantly boosted the growth of Chrysanthemum , and including plant height increased about 8 cm, chlorophyll content increased by over 4%, biomass increased by more than 25%. The contents of N, P and K of chrysanthemum treated with BH were significant more than those treated with H, and nitrogen use efficiency improved more than 23%. Meanwhile, the hydroabsorbent mixed slow-released fertilizer could significantly reduce soil nitrate content, thereby reducing the risk of nitrogen leaching loss. Therefore, the hydroabsorbent mixed slow-released fertilizer had a significant effectiveness for Chrysanthemum, and was better than slow-release fertilizer.