洞庭湖湿地生态系统服务功能效益分析

为了提高人们对洞庭湖湿地生态系统服务功能价值的认识，针对洞庭湖湿地生态功能受到严重破坏与威胁的现状，采用市场价值法、替代市场法等方法对洞庭湖湿地的水文调节、净化、维持物种多样性、碳固定、营养循环、休闲旅游、保护土壤等生态系统服务功能的价值进行了评价。结果表明：洞庭湖湿地生态系统服务功能价值巨大，其货币价值达239.85×108元/年。在整个生态系统服务功能价值中，水文调节功能价值最大，为107.44×108元/年，占总价值的44.79%，说明洞庭湖在调节长江洪水径流方面发挥着重要作用；维持物种多样性功能的价值最小，为4.89×108元/年，低于世界平均水平，说明洞庭湖生态环境已遭到严重破坏。因此，要在充分认识洞庭湖湿地生态功能价值的基础上，充分发挥其作用，促进洞庭湖湿地生态区域经济的协调发展。

Analysis on Benefits of Services and Functions of Wetland Ecosystem in Dongting Lake

In order to raise the understanding of ecological services and functions in Dong Lake,in views of its current situation,the author analyzed and valued 7 kinds of services and functions of wetland system in Dongting Lake by using a series of environmental economic methods and mathematics ones.The results showed that it had huge ecological value and its annual value was 239.85×10 8 Yuan,in which the largest one was the value of hydrological adjusting function,107.44×10 8 Yuan per year,which was worth 44.79% of total value;while the minimum one was the value of biodiversity functions of which annual value was only 4.89×10 8 Yuan.Therefore,it ＇ s of great urgency to promote coordinated growth of the ecological area.