村落的社会分化——基于M村的案例分析

为了深入解读村落的社会分化,通过访谈调查和案例分析。从村落的经济结构、职业结构以及收入来源等方面对发生在M村的社会分化过程展开调查研究。研究结果表明:村落的社会分化是在多种因素的共同作用下得以实现的,并且这些影响因素主要包括国家的土地政策、土地的"倒逼"机制、农民自身自主性的发挥以及外部市场的引力这4种因素。村落不仅是一种静态的社会形态,也是一种动态的社会过程;并且村落的社会分化过程,也是其社会分工程度不断加深、有机性不断增强的过程。农民的理想图景应该是成为理性小农以及农民市民化,同时设想了3种村落的未来走向。

Social Differentiation of Village— A Case Study Based on Village M

In order to further interpret the social differentiation of village,through the interview survey and case analysis,this paper analyzed the social differentiation process which was occurred in village M,and focuses on the village economic structure,vocational structure and the sources of income.The results showed that a variety of factors contributed to the social differentiation of villages in contemporary China.These factors included that farmland system,the reverse transmission of farmland,the play of the peasants ＇ autonomy and the gravity of the external market.Village was not only a static form of society,but also a dynamic social process.The process of social differentiation was the process of labor division deepening and the organic growing to village.The ideals of peasants should be become rational peasants and acquire peasant ＇ s citizenship.It was predicted that in the future there will be three directions for the development of villages in China.