太行山区香椿矮化密植修剪整形技术的研究

为改变太行山区香椿传统的种植方法，达到香椿生长快、树势强、易采摘、总产高、便于大规模种植的目的，通过3年的试验示范，研究山区露地香椿栽培密植、摘心或短剪的时间、劈拉枝的时间及角度等矮化密植修剪技术。结果表明，香椿以行株距1.5 m×1 m，密度6750株/hm2左右为宜；幼壮树壮梢宜在6月下旬-7月上旬、弱树弱梢在6月上中旬摘心或短剪；在春季树液未流动至发芽前或6月中下旬平茬；骨干大枝和多年生的强旺枝组在5月中下旬进行劈拉枝，主枝角度宜拉至80o左右，幼树的1~2年生枝一般宜在第3~4年的8月中旬至9月上旬拉枝，拉成水平状态（90o左右）。笔者率先采取劈拉相结合的技术，创新试验出香椿劈拉的方向和角度，使香椿矮化密植3年后每公顷增产30%左右。

Study and Application on Dwarfing and Compact Planting Technique of Toona sinensis

A pilot demonstration project has been conducted in order to improve the traditional cultivation methods of Toona sinensis. The three-year project studied on techniques of compact planting of Toona sinensis in open field, time and angle of pinching, pruning and branch shearing. The experiment result showed that Toona sinensis grew better with row spacing of 1.5 m×1 m and plant density about 6750 tree/hm 2 . Young and health tree should be pinching and pruning from early June to late July, small and weak tree should be pruning and shearing in early June. Stumping should be conducted on late June or in spring before stem sap flow and germinating. Limb and perennial, health branch groups should be shearing in late May, main branch should be pulling to 80 o , and young tree ＇ s annual branch should be pulling to 90 o form the middle of August to early September of the third or forth year. This research took the lead to innovate the branch pulling direction and angel by combine the technique of shearing and pulling. This new dwarfing and compact planting technique increased Toona sinensis yield by 30% per hm 2 in 3 years.