扩繁条件对3种丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)的影响

为了提高AM真菌的培养效率，降低培养成本，采用温室盆栽法，以玉米和红三叶草为宿主，以摩西球囊霉(Glomus intraradices，G.i)、根内球囊霉(Glomus mosseae，G.m)地表球囊霉(Glomus versiforme，G.v) 3种AM真菌为供试菌种，在以河砂、草炭、珍珠岩、蛭石和泥炭不同配比组成的3种基质中进行培养，并设置2个营养液浓度梯度（无营养液；10%浓度霍氏营养液），进行3×2因子交叉实验，通过测定侵染率、孢子密度以及宿主的光合特性，从而筛选出各菌种最优的轻型基质配方及其相应的营养液浓度。结果表明，P2（蛭石:草炭:河砂=4:1:1）配方是G.m和G.i良好的扩繁基质，P3（珍珠岩:蛭石:草炭:河砂=2:2:1:1）配方是最适合G.v的扩繁基质，在对菌种的侵染率、产孢量以及宿主植物的光合效率的提高等方面优于其他配方。与以往研究结果不同的是，本研究中的3个基质配方，施加营养液的处理都明显降低了3种AM真菌的孢子数，降幅分别为43.51%~96.26%、57.50%~99.39%、27.79%~92.56%；且每个菌种的侵染率也不同程度地降低，其机理有待于进一步研究。

The Effects of the Propagation Condition on the Three Kinds of Arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi

Abstract： In order to improve the efficiency and reduce the cost for culturing arbuscular myeorrhizal fungi, a pot experiment 3 x 2 factor was conducted with Zea mays and Trifolium pretense L. as host plants and three AMF species, Glomus intraradices （ G.1）, Glomus mosseae （ G.m） and Glomus versiforrae （ G. v） were inoculated under three different substrates （P1, P2 and P3） individually which composed by sand, grass carbon, perlite, vermiculite and peat. And designed in two nutrient supply levels （H0： no additional nutrition, HI： 10% Hoagland＇ s）. Three indexs, AMF colonization, photosynthetic characteristics of the host plants and spore density were measured and thereby to select a best light substrate and and its corresponding concentration of different AMF. The results showed that, P2 （vermiculite, grass carbon, sand=4：1：1） was the best for G.m and G. i but P3 （perlite, vermiculite, grass carbon, sand=2：2：l：l） for G.v. It was not only because of better colonization, higher photosynthetic efficiency but also much more spores than other substrates. However, it was necessary to point out that the adding of nutrient solution dramatically reduced spore density of G.m, G.i and G.v by 43.51%-96.26%, 57.50%-99.39% and 27.79%-92.56%, respectively. What＇s more, the colonization of threeAMF species was also decreased to different extents. The mechanism needs to be further studied.