升流式厌氧生物滤池与温室型人工湿地组合对农村生活污水处理的研究

针对中国农村分布分散、资金短缺，缺乏污水处理专业人员，而农村污水处理又是亟待解决的环境问题这一现状，笔者研究升流式厌氧生物滤池（UAF）与温室型人工湿地组合工艺低气温下处理农村生活污水的运行特点及效果。结果表明：UAF的最佳水力停留时间（HRT）为12 h，容积负荷0.632~0.936 kg/(m3?d)，COD的平均去除率为56%，室外气温在-5~10℃（冬春），温室型人工湿地的最佳HRT为3天，组合工艺COD总去除率平均为75%，BOD5总去除率平均达到84%，SS总去除率平均不低于93%，氨氮总去除率平均为63%，TP总去除率平均为46%，出水水质除TP外均满足GB 18918-2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》1级B标准。该工艺具有低能耗、低投资、低运行费用、运行维护简单等优点，适合作为农村生活污水的处理工艺推广使用。

Research on Treatment of the Rural Domestic Sewage with Integrated Up-flow Anaerobic Bio-filter and Greenhouse Constructed Wetland Process

In view of the situation that China scattered villages were lack of fund and water treatment technical personnel and the directly discharge of rural domestic wastewater had seriously affected the quality of the rural water environment in China. The combined process of upflow anaerobic biofilter and greenhouse constructed wetland was used to treat the rural domestic sewage. The results showed that the optimum hydraulic retention time for UAF was 12 h, the volume loading was 0.632-0.936 kg/（m3＂ d）, the average removal efficiency of COD was 56%; In the conditions of the outdoor temperature between -5 and 10℃ （in winter and spring）, the HRTfor the greenhouse constructed wetlands was 3 days. The combined process showed excellent removal efficiency with COD 75%, BOD5 84%, SS 93%, NH3-N 63% and TP 46%. Except TP, the effluent quality was qualified to the Iclass B criteria specified in the Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant （GB 18918-2002）. The process had many advantages, such as low consumption of energy resources, low investment, low running cost and simple maintenance, so it could be used to treat rural domestic sewage and be expended.