红鲤四品系的形态差异和种系关系

综合传统形态学数据和框架测定数据，通过多元变量分析，研究了我国红鲤四个品系（兴国红鲤、玻璃红鲤、荷包红鲤及瓯江彩鲤）的形态差异和种系关系。主要结果：（1）可数性状方面，4品系红鲤无显著差异（P〉0．05）。（2）传统可量性状和框架测定数据合在一起，4品系红鲤间有显著差异（P〈0．05）；聚类分析表明，瓯江彩鲤、兴国红鲤及玻璃红鲤三者形态相近，而荷包红鲤与这三种红鲤的形态差异明显。在28项比例变量基础上所作判别分析表明，红鲤4品系问形态差异极显著（P〈0．01），用优选的8项比例变量判别，综合判别准确率达92％；主成分分析表明，4品系红鲤间形态差异主要系躯体前半部差异所致。（3）把传统可量性状数据和框架测定数据结合在一起，使用多种多元变量分析技术，可大大增强鱼类种内不同群体间差异和亲缘关系的研究能力。

Morphological variations and phylogenesis of four strains in Cyprinus carpio

Traditional morphological data and truss network data were combined to conduct a multivariate analysis to study the morphological variations and phylogenesis of four strains in red common carp(Cyprinus carpio):C.c.var.color,C.c.var.singguonensis,C.c.var.wananensis and C.c.var.wuyuanensis.The results indicate that:(1)In the aspect of meristic characters,there were no significant differences(P>0.05)among the four strains;(2)In the aspect of traditional measurable characters plus truss network characters,there were significant differences(P<0.05)among the four strains.Cluster analysis showed that C.c.var.wuyuanensis was separated from the other three strains which are close to one another;discriminate functional analysis based on28ratio variables showed that there were highly significant differences among the four strains(P<0.01);discriminate functional analysis with8selected morphological ratio variables gave a synthetic discriminating accuracy of92%;principal component analysis indicated that morphological differences among the four strains were mostly due to variations in the frontal part of the body.(3)Using various multivariate analysis techniques to analyze the combination of traditional morphological data and truss network data greatly enhances the study capacity for morphological variations and phylogenesis among populations or strains under a species of fish.