掐茎尖和秋水仙素处理对核桃幼苗生长及倍性的影响

以‘绿岭’核桃实生幼苗为材料,研究掐茎尖和秋水仙素对幼苗生长及倍性的影响。结果表明:处理C即未掐茎尖的核桃幼苗在第1～7天的高生长量为13.63cm,极显著高于处理C1(掐茎尖加蒸馏水处理)、C2～C6(掐茎尖加0.1%、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%秋水仙素处理);各处理植株上胚轴上平均膨大的芽数以C1最高,为8.1个,极显著高于其他处理,表明掐茎尖和秋水仙素处理明显抑制核桃幼苗主茎生长,促进上胚轴上芽的萌发伸长;随着秋水仙素浓度的增加,植株上胚轴停长时间由处理第8～9天提前到第1天,植株顶端变黑萎蔫长度由切口发黑增大到2.48cm,上胚轴上平均萌发伸长的芽数由1.7个增加到3.0个;处理C2和C3出现二倍体细胞和四倍体细胞构成的混倍体叶片。

Effects of top-pinching and colchicine on the seedlings growth and ploidy of walnut

'Lv Ling' walnut seedlings were used as the experimental materials to study the effects of top-pinching and colchicine on the growth and ploidy of walnut seedlings.The results showed that: the height growth of 'Lv Ling' walnut seedlings was 13.63 cm on the first to seventh day by treatment C(no top-pinching),significantly higher than that of C1(top-pinching and dipped distilled water),C2-C6(top-pinching and treated with 0.1%,0.2%,0.4%,0.6%,0.8% colchicine).The average quantity of germinate buds was 8.1 in treatment C1,which was significantly higher than that of others.It indicated that treating with top-pinching and colchicine inhibited growing of walnut seedlings,but it promoted the buds germination.With the increasing of colchicine concentration,the time of seedlings stoped growing preset on the first day from the eighth day to nineth day,dead tip extended from zero point to 2.48cm on the epicotyl,the average quantity of buds on epicotyl increased from 1.7to 3.0.Mixoploid leaf which constitute with diploid and tetraploid were found in C2and C3.