综述蜂胶的生物学功用和利用形式

蜂肢是意大利蜜蜂或无刺蜂的工蜂在采集树木表面的树脂或分泌物的同时将其与自身上颚腺和蜡腺分泌物充分混合加工,而形成的一种不规则不透明且具有芳香味的纯天然褐色胶状固体物质。其有效成分具备抗菌、抗氧化等的生物学活性,应用领域为广泛。系统综述了蜂肢在医药保健品、疾病防御、食品保鲜、日用化工产品、植物保护、畜禽水产的饲料、农业和畜牧业相关疾病控制等方面的应用,还总结了蜂胶的利用形式,如蜂肢浸膏、蜂胶含片和蜂肢软肢囊等,为广大蜂农和蜂业工作者对蜂胶产品的利用与开发提供参考。

Review on the Biological Functions and Utilization Forms of Propolis

Propolis is a kind of irregular,opaque and fragrant natural brown gelatinous solid substance formed by the Apis melliferd ligustica or StinglessBee.They can collect the resin or secretions from the surface of trees and then mix it with the secretions of their own maxillary gland and wax gland.The active components of propolis have excellent biological activities such as antibacterial and antioxidant,so it was widely used in many fields.This work systematically summerized the application of propolis in the fields of medicine and health care products,disease prevention,food preservation,daily chemical products,plant protection,feed for livestock and aquaculture,and disease control related to agriculture and animal husbandry.The utilization forms of propolis,such as propolis extract,propolis lozenges and propolis soft capsules,were also summarized,which could provide a basis for the utilization and development of propolis performed by the beekeepers and apiculture workers.