火烧三七重茬土壤应用于三七种植的初步分析

三七的道地产区为云南省文山州,为典型的宿根植物,存在严重的连作障碍问题。为解决三七的供需矛盾,将火烧三七重茬土壤应用于三七种植,研究该土壤对三七的产量和品质,土壤中有害微生物及自毒效应的影响,并进行初步分析。结果表明:(1)火烧土中速效K、速效P、速效Mg、速效Fe、速效Mn含量较高,其他营养元素含量也优于其他2种土壤。与其他2种土壤相比,重金属的含量较低。(2)在三七根腐病调查中,火烧土种植的发病率在第2年为0%,第3年为2.1%,远远低于其他2种土壤。(3)火烧土可提高三七产量以及三七总皂苷的含量。因此,火烧土可控制病虫害,增加土壤肥力,减少重金属含量,同时减少连作中产生的化感物质。

Panax notoginseng Planting by Burning Continuous Cropping Soil of Panax notoginseng

The original production area of Panax notoginseng is Wenshan County Yunnan Province. Panax notoginseng is a typical perennial root plant, and continuous cropping obstacle is serious. To solve the contradiction between supply and demand of Panax notoginseng, we burned continuous cropping soil of Panax notoginseng to planting Panax notoginseng. The effects of the burned soil on yield, quality, harmful microorganisms in soil and autotoxicity were studied. The results showed that: (1) in the burned soil, the contents of available P, available K, available Mg, available Fe, and available Mn were higher, and the other nutrient elements were superior to those of the other two kinds of soil; compared with that of the other two kinds of soil, heavy metal contents in the burned soil were low; (2) in the survey of Panax notoginseng root rot, the incidence in the burned soil was 0% in the second year, and 2.1% in the third years, much lower than those of the other two kinds of soil; (3) the burned soil could improve the yield and total saponins content of Panax notoginseng. Therefore, the burned soil could control plant diseases and insect pests, increase soil fertility, reduce the heavy metal content, and decrease the allelochemicals of continuous cropping.