广东烤烟总挥发碱、总挥发酸和pH的分析

[目的]研究广东主产烟区烤烟总挥发碱、总挥发酸和pH的特点,为广东烤烟的种植与生产利用提供理论依据.[方法]对广东不同产区、不同等级、不同品种烤烟的总挥发碱、总挥发酸和pH进行对比分析,并对三者间的关系进行偏相关分析.[结果]广东烤烟总挥发碱含量较低,为（0.27±0.09）％;总挥发酸含量偏低,为（0.11±0.04）％;pH均值为5.32±0.20.广东不同产区、不同等级和不同品种烤烟的总挥发碱、总挥发酸和pH均存在差异,以pH的差异最明显.广东烤烟总挥发碱和总挥发酸含量在不同产区、不同等级、不同品种间的差异均不显著（P＞0.05）,pH在不同产区和不同品种间的差异达极显著水平（P＜0.01）,不同等级间的pH无显著差异.广东烤烟总挥发酸含量与总挥发碱含量、pH呈极显著负相关,总挥发碱含量与pH呈显著负相关.[结论]生产上可通过提高烤烟的采收成熟度、合理施用铵态与硝态氮肥、科学陈化烟叶等措施,适当提高广东烤烟总挥发碱和总挥发酸含量.

Analysis on content of total volatile alkali,total volatile acid and pH value in flue-cured tobacco leaves from Guangdong tobacco-growing areas

[Objective]Characteristics of total volatile alkali, total volatile acid and pH value were researched in flue-cured tobacco samples from Guangdong tobacco-growing areas, in order to provide theoretical references for cul- tivation and utilization of Guangdong flue-cured tobacco. [ Method]Contents of total volatile alkali, total volatile acid and pH value in flue-cured tobacco leaves fi＇om Guangdong Province among different production areas, different to- bacco grades and different tobacco cultivars were compared, and the relationship among total volatile alkali, total volatile acid and pH value was researched by partial correlation analysis. [Result]Content of total volatile alkali in Guangdong flue-cured tobacco was low, with the mean content of （0.27±0.09）%, and total volatile acid content was very low, with the mean content of （0.11±0.04）%, and the average pH value was 5.32±0.20. Contents of total volatile alkali, total volatile acid and pH value in Guangdong flue-cured tobacco leaves had some differences among different tobacco-growing areas, different grades and different cultivars, and difference of pH value was bigger. Contents of total volatile alkali and total volatile acid of Guangdong flue-cured tobacco leaves had no significant difference （P〉0.05） among different tobacco-growing areas, different grades and different cuhivars, and pH value had highly significant difference （P〈0.01） among different tobacco-growing areas and different cultivars, but there were not significant dif- ferences among different grades. Total volatile acid had highly significant negative correlation with total volatile alkali and pH value in Guangdong flue-cured tobacco leaves, and total volatile alkali had highly significant negative corre- lation with pH value. [ Conclusion ]Total volatile alkali content is low, and total volatile acid contents are generally low in Guangdong flue-cured tobacco samples. Total contents of volatile alkali and volatile acid in flue-cured tobacco can be increased appropria