Evaluation of the Feasibility of Alternative Energy Sources for Greenhouse Heating |
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| Institution: | 1. Shiraz University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz, Iran;2. Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Energy Department, Heat and Power Division, Stockholm, Sweden;1. Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Iran;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, University of Tabriz, Iran;3. Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran;4. Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran;1. Laboratoire de Physique de l''Atmosphère, Matériaux et Modélisation, Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco;2. Ecole Supérieure de Technologie de Fès, U.S.M.B.A., Route d’Imouzzer, BP 242 Fez, Morocco;3. Université Internationale de Rabat, Pôle Energie, LERMA, 11100 Sala Al Jadida, Morocco;4. Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Ingénieur Appliquées à la Mécanique et au Génie Electrique (SIAME), Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour – IFR – A. Jules Ferry, 64000 Pau, France;1. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hongkong Polytechnic University, Hongkong SAR, China;2. Department of Technology and Innovation, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark |
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| Abstract: | Four greenhouse heating systems were compared by computer simulation in seven European locations: a conventional fossil-fuel system and three hybrid systems, in which part of the heating demand was covered by solar collectors, a heat pump and a cogeneration system, respectively. Flat solar collectors were found to be of no interest for greenhouse heating. There were possibilities of economic feasibility for heat pumps in northern European countries with electricity/fuel-price ratios (when buying electricity from the grid) of between 2·1 and 3·0 (or lower). Cogeneration systems were found to have the best possibilities, especially in northern European countries with electricity/fuel-price ratios (when selling electricity to the grid) of between 2·3 and 3 (or higher). Heat storage improved the economical performance of the cogeneration systems: life-cycle costs decreased by about 4%. The electricity/fuel-price ratios are calculated with the prices of electricity and fuel which give the same amount of energy. |
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