基因型、季节、日粮蛋白水平及其互作对猪生产性能和血液生化指标的影响研究

本文在冬夏两季分高低日粮蛋白质水平(粗蛋白13.5%和17.5%)用雅南、长×雅,约×雅,汉×雅,长×杜雅,共107头猪进行饲养试验,结果表明:季节对生长、肌肉 pH_1及系水力,基因型对日增重、饲料报酬及瘦肉生产力均有极显著效应(P<0.01),日粮蛋白水平则影响较小。日增重、屠宰率、眼肌面积,50及90公斤时 T_3及 T_4含量,90公厅时总胆固醇含量均存在极显著品种×季节互作效应(P<0.01),品种×日粮蛋白水平对日增重,头半棘肌 pH_(24)、熟肉率也存在极显著互作效应(P<0.01)。性状间相关分析表明:90公斤屠宰时AKP 和 LDH 活性与日增重和瘦肉率间存在显著相关(P<0.05),AKP 与饲料报酬及脂肪率间存在极显著负相关(P<0.01),90公斤血清总胆固醇含量与瘦肉率的相关和通径系数均显著(P<0.05),50及90公斤时血液生化指标与肉质性状间典型相关系数分别为0.478及0.536(P<0.05)。

EFFECTS OF GENOTYPE,DIETARY PROTEIN AND SEASONS ON PERFORMANCE AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL TRAITS IN SWINE

The main and interactive effects ofgenotype,dietary protein and seasons on the performance,carcass quality and biochemical traits were studied on 107 pigs of native Yanan breed and their crossbreed.The results showed that the gcnotype had highly signifi- cant effects on Average daily gain(ADG),Feed conversion(EC),Dressing percentage (DP),Lean percentage(LP)and Ham ratio(P〈0.01);seasons had highly signi(?)cant effects on ADG,pH_1(M.longissimus dorsi)and Water-holding capacity(P〈0.01);dietary protein (13.5-17.5%)had no signi(?)cat effects on these traits. There arc highly significant effects of Genotype X Season interaction on ADG,DP, Loin-eye area(P〈0.01);dietary protein(13.5%-17.5) had no significat effects on these traits.There are highly signilicant effects of Genotype Dietary protein interaction on ADG,Cooking percentage and pH_(24)(M.semispinalis capitis)(P〈0.01). The corrclation coeficicnt of serum total cholesterol with Water-holding capacity and Meat colour points was 0.226(P〈0.01)and 0.269(p〈0.05)at 50 Kg;-0.362(0.01)and -0.219(0.05)at 90kg. Correlation analysis data showed that the activity of AKP and LDH at 90 Kg with ADG and LP were significant(P〈0.05);AKP at 90 Kg with FC and Fat percentage were highly signi(?)cant negative correlation(P〈0.01).Between the serum cholesterol and LP al 90kg there Was a signi(?)cant level both on simple correlation and path coe(?)cient(P〈0.05). The canonical correlation coc(?)cient between meat quality and serum biochemical traits at 50 and 90kg was 0.478 and 0.536(P〈0.05)resp.