微好氧预升温序批式干发酵装置设计与应用

为解决微好氧同步预升温序批式干发酵工艺实际运行过程中现有装备存在曝气不充分、喷淋均匀度低等问题，加快促进纤维物料降解和中间物质转化并提高产气效率，创新设计装备喷淋系统、曝气系统，优化集成了微好氧预升温序批式厌氧干发酵一体化装备，实现微好氧快速预升温、喷淋均匀接种、高效生产沼气。通过喷头特性比选出适合粘稠沼液循环的螺旋式喷嘴，并计算出当喷淋面积为0.6m×0.6m时，最佳喷头间距和管道直径分别为0.37m和0.08m，喷淋覆盖面积可达到物料表面积的87.33%。为方便物料进出，设计曝气管道对称分布在物料两侧，共设置6支平行曝气管，单侧管道间距和两端管道间距分别为0.5m和0.7m。集成装备并耦合微好氧同步预升温序批式干发酵工艺，通过长期试验确定实际运行中的多组反应器序批启动调控策略应为8组反应器，启动间隔为3d，发酵周期为24d。基于规模化奶牛养殖场对技术装备应用经济效益进行核算，得出投资回收周期约为4年，与传统湿法厌氧发酵技术相比减少了约1.3年。

Design and Application of Micro Aerobic Pre-heating Sequencing Batch Dry Fermentation Device

Aiming to solve the problems of insufficient aeration and low spray uniformity in the existing equipment during the actual operation of the microaerobic synchronous preheating sequential batch dry fermentation process, accelerate the degradation of fiber materials and the conversion of intermediate substances and improve the efficiency of gas production, the equipment spray system and aeration system were innovatively designed, micro-aerobic pre-heating sequential batch anaerobic dry fermentation integrated equipment was optimized and integrated, realizing micro-aerobic rapid pre-heating, spray uniform inoculation, and efficient production of biogas. The spiral nozzles suitable for the circulation of viscous biogas slurry were selected through the comparison of nozzle characteristics, and it was calculated that when the spray area was 0.6m×0.6m, the best nozzle spacing and pipe diameter were 0.37m and 0.08m, respectively, and the spray coverage area can reach 87.33% of the surface area of the material. In order to facilitate the entry and exit of materials, the aeration pipes were designed to be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the materials, and a total of six parallel aeration pipes were set up. The distance between the pipes on one side and the pipes at both ends was 0.5m and 0.7m, respectively. The equipment was integrated and coupled with a micro-aerobic synchronous pre-heating sequential batch dry fermentation process. Through long-term experiments, it was determined that the sequential batch start-up control strategy of multiple reactors in actual operation should be eight reactors, the start interval was 3d, and the fermentation period was 24d. Based on the calculation of the economic benefits of technical equipment application in large-scale dairy farms, it was concluded that the investment recovery period was about 4 years, which was about 1.3 years less than the traditional wet anaerobic fermentation technology. This research can provide a theoretical basis for the efficient operation of the sequencing batch anaerobic dry fermentation technology in the actual application process.