侧金盏大小孢子发生及雌雄配子体发育

用石蜡切片技术对早春开花植物侧金盏(Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde.)大、小孢子的发生及雌、雄配子体的发育进行了研究。结果表明:侧金盏花药壁由外向内分为表皮、药室内壁、2层中层和绒毡层,其发育方式为典型的双子叶型;绒毡层类型为腺质绒毡层。小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中的胞质分裂方式为同时型,四分体排列方式为左右对称形或正四面体形。成熟花粉粒大多数为二细胞型,少数为三细胞型,具有三条萌发沟。子房为单心皮,单室,横生型胚珠,厚珠心,双珠被。大孢子母细胞由造孢细胞发育而来,多数情况下合点端第一个大孢子分化为功能大孢子。成熟胚囊为8细胞8核的蓼型胚囊。

Megasporogenesis,Microsporogenesis and Development of Male and Female Gametophytes of Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde

We studied the megasporogenesis and development of female and male megasporogensis of Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde, which blooms in early spring, by paraffin wax.The development of the anther wall belongs to a dicotyledonous type.The wall of anther consists of epidermis, endothecium, two middle layers and tapetum from out to inside, and tapetum cell is of glandular tepetum.Successive cytokinesis in microspore mother cell accompanies meiosis to produce tetrahedral tetrad as well as medianly zygomorphic tetrad.Mature pollen grains, with three germ pores, most are 2-cell type, while a few are 3-cell type.The ovary of A.amurensis has 1 carpel, 1 loculuses with amphitropous ovule which is crassinucellate and bitegmic.Megasporocyte developes from sporogenous cell.In most cases, the first chalazal megaspore differentiates into functional megaspore.The mature embryo sacs has 8 cells with 8 nucleis, and belongs to polygonum type embryo-sac.