不同砧木对日光温室秋冬茬嫁接西瓜产量品质及叶绿素荧光特性的影响

为筛选适宜日光温室秋冬茬嫁接西瓜生产的耐低温弱光砧木品种,试验采用7种不同类型西瓜嫁接砧木与设施西瓜主栽品种‘华铃’嫁接,研究不同砧木对日光温室秋冬茬嫁接西瓜产量、品质及叶绿素荧光特性影响。通过隶属函数综合评价不同砧木嫁接西瓜产量及果实品质,发现以葫芦型砧木‘甬砧5号’嫁接后西瓜坐果最早,产量最高,达2 660.2 kg·667m~(-2),中心糖及边糖含量最高,综合表现最佳。分析7种砧木接穗叶片叶绿素荧光参数发现,以‘甬砧5号’为砧木接穗叶片光合原初反应激发能分配最优,非光化学淬灭最少,在秋冬茬低温弱光逆境下叶片光化学效率最高。综上所述,‘甬砧5号’砧木在秋冬茬日光温室嫁接西瓜坐果性、果实品质、产量及植株叶绿素荧光特性等方面表现最佳,更适合作为日光温室秋冬茬西瓜嫁接砧木。

Effect of different rootstocks on yield,quality and chlorophyll fluorescence characters of grafted watermelon in greenhouse autumn-winter planted condition

In order to screen the rootstock varieties which were more tolerant to low temperature and poor light and were suitable for being planted in greenhouse autumn-winter planted condition,seven kinds of different rootstocks were applied to graft with ‘Hualing',the main cultivars of watermelon in greenhouse.The effects of different rootstocks on yield,quality and chlorophyll fluorescence characters of grafted watermelon in greenhouse autumn-winter planted condition were investigated.Different rootstocks were comprehensively evaluated by membership function about yield and quality of grafted watermelons.After grafted with gourd-type rootstock Yongzhen No.5,grafted watermelons had the earliest fruit setting date and gained its yield 2660.2 kg· 667m-2,fruits had the highest center sugar content and margin sugar content.Analyzed chlorophyll fluorescence data of leaves grafted with different rootstocks,under low temperature and poor light level in autumn-winter greenhouse condition,using Yongzhen No.5 as rootstock,leaves of scion had the optimum allocation of excitation energy in photosynthetic primary reaction,the lowest non-photochemical quenching,and the highest photochemical efficiency.The results showed,through grafted with rootstock Yongzhen No.5,grafted watermelons had the best fruit setting ability,yield,quality and chlorophyll fluorescence characters in greenhouse autumn-winter planted condition.Yongzhen No.5 could be regarded as a fine rootstock of watermelon grafting in autumn-winter planted condition.