光周期对‘泰山-橙黄’万寿菊花芽分化和开花的影响

以泰山系列橙黄色万寿菊为试材,以雅安地区自然光周期(长日照)为对照,通过遮光处理,研究不同光周期(昼夜8/16 h、10/14 h、12/12 h)对‘泰山-橙黄’万寿菊花芽分化和开花的影响。结果显示:8/16 h处理的花芽分化起始和完成分别在处理后第5天和第2天,较10/14 h处理分别提前了2和5 d,较12/12 h处理分别提前了2和7 d,较对照分别提前了5和16 d;短日照处理使万寿菊开花提前及花期明显延长,其中8/16 h处理效果最明显;与对照相比,短日照处理下万寿菊的鲜花产量显著增加,而盛花期的舌状小花数和花径均显著减小;随着日照时间的减少,株高、基茎、株幅和干质量均有不同程度的减小。以上结果表明,光周期处理可以有效地调节‘泰山-橙黄’万寿菊花芽分化和开花进程,日照时间越少,开花越早,花期越长,而植株长势越弱。

Effect of Photoperiod on Tagetes eresta 'Mount Tai Orange' Floral Bud Differentiation and Flowering

We studied the effects of different photoperiod (8/16h, 10/14h, 12/12h, natural light for control) on floral bud differentiation and flowering with Tagetes eresta 'Mount Tai Orange'.The beginning of floral bud differentiation of 8/16h was 5d after treatments, which advanced by 2d, 2d and 5d than that of 10/14h, 12/12h and CK.The ending of floral bud differentiation of 8/16h was found 21d after treatments, which advanced by 5d, 7d and 16d than that of 10/14h, 12/12h and CK, respectively.All short-day treatments could significantly expedite flowering and extend flowering duration, and 8/16h treatment had the most effect on flowering.Flowering amount increased significantly under the continuous short-day conditions, but tongue florets and flower diameter decreased significantly.Height, basal diameter, plant width and dry weight were declined with the shortening of lights to some extents.The photoperiod treatment could effectively adjust the floral bud differentiation and flowering of T.eresta 'Mount Tai Orange'.