海带多糖与生化抑制剂结合的稳定性尿素在黑土和黄土水稻上的施用效果

为研发在黑土及黄土上种植水稻专用的新一代高效稳定性尿素肥料,采用盆栽试验研究添加生物刺激素海带多糖与不同种生化抑制剂的的施用效果。试验以不施氮肥(CK)及单独施用尿素肥料(N)为对照,将海带多糖(L)、N—丁基硫代磷酰三胺(NBPT)、3,4—二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(DMPP)及海带多糖与2种生化抑制剂的组合,分别添加至尿素肥料中制成5种新型高效稳定性尿素肥料作为试验处理,研究不同配方的高效稳定性尿素肥料在黑土和黄土中的氮素转化特征、水稻生长指标、产量及氮肥利用效率。结果表明:海带多糖的添加能在一定程度上抑制土壤硝化作用,使黑土及黄土的水稻生物产量分别提高13.88%,1.21%,籽粒产量分别提高42.18%,25.83%,氮肥利用效率也有所提高。海带多糖与NBPT抑制土壤硝化作用具有良好的协同效应,相比NBPT单一施用,黑土及黄土的水稻生物产量分别降低6.87%,1.30%,籽粒产量分别降低8.15%,4.11%,氮肥利用效率也均有所降低。相比DMPP单独施用,海带多糖的添加具有促进水稻生长的效果,在黄土中二者配合施用,水稻生物与籽粒产量分别提高0.63%,2.64%,有利于植株对氮素的吸收及氮肥利用效率的提高,在黑土中二者配合施用,水稻生物产量及籽粒产量分别降JP]低10.52%,1.50%,植株吸氮量及氮肥利用效率也有所降低,黑土中二者配合施用存在负效应。建议在黄土地区种植水稻将DMPP与海带多糖结合制成高效稳定性尿素肥料施用,有利于水稻增产及氮肥利用效率的提高。

Effect of Stability Urea Combined with Laminarin and Biochemical Inhibitor on Rice in Black Soil and Loess

In order to develop a new type of high efficiency and stability urea suitable for rice in black soil and loess, field pot tests were conducted to investigate effects of urea combined by biostimulant laminarin and different biochemical inhibitors on rice in black soil and loess. In this study, blank (CK) and urea (N) were set as controls, and laminarin (L), N-butyl thiophosphate-triamine (NBPT), 3,4-dimethyl-pyrazolate phosphate (DMPP), and laminarin were respectively combined with two biochemical inhibitors to urea fertilizer to form five treatments, nitrogen transformation characteristics, rice growth index, yield and apparent utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer of different high efficiency and stability urea fertilizers in black soil and loess were studied. The results showed that the addition of laminarin could inhibit soil nitrification to a certain extent, total biomass of rice in black soil and loess increased by 13.88% and 1.21%, grain yield increased by 42.18% and 25.83%, apparent utilization rate of nitrogen also increased. Laminarin and NBPT had a good synergistic effect on soil nitrification inhibition, compared with NBPT alone, total biomass in black soil and loess decreased by 6.87% and 1.30%, grain yield decreased by 8.15% and 4.11%, apparent utilization rate of nitrogen also decreased. Compared with DMPP alone, the addition of laminarin could promote the growth of rice, total biomass and grain yield increased by 0.63% and 2.64% in loess, nitrogen uptake and apparent utilization rate of nitrogen were also increased, however the total biomass and grain yield decreased by 10.52%, 1.50% in black soil, and nitrogen uptake and apparent utilization rate of nitrogen were also decreased, the combination of laminarin and DMPP had a negative effect in black soil. The addition of laminarin and DMPP is recommended for urea fertilizer application on rice in loess areas, and will improve rice yield and apparent utilization rate of nitrogen.