鸡舍环境中积尘真菌的空间分布研究

[目的]探讨鸡舍环境内积尘真菌的生物多样性和空间分布规律。[方法]采集封闭式鸡舍内4个不同高度(距地面0、75、150、225cm)的积尘样品进行真菌的生物多样性及分布规律研究。采用PDA和RBC2种真菌培养基进行分离、纯化、鉴定。[结果]从封闭式鸡舍中共获得507株15种类群的真菌,其中包括黄曲霉(3.13×104cfu/g),镰孢菌(8.61×104cfu/g),酵母菌(3.53×104cfu/g)等3种优势菌真菌属。积尘中真菌总浓度达2.03×105cfu/g。2种真菌培养基比较表明,无论从分离的种类还是分离的数量,PDA的分离效果都好于RBC。研究还发现,积尘中的真菌浓度随着高度的上升而下降。[结论]该研究为鸡舍的日常管理及由真菌引起的流行病的防治提供了重要理论依据。

Study on Spatial Distribution of Fungi in Deposit Dust in the Environment of Chicken House

[Objective] The study aimed to discuss the fungal diversity and the spatial distribution law in deposit dust in the environment of chicken house.[Method] The deposit dust samples were collected from the close chicken house in four different height(0,75,150,225 cm apart from ground resp.)to study the fungal diversity and distribution law in chicken house.2 kinds of fungal medium of PDA and RBC were used to separate,purify and identify on the fungal isolations.[Result] 507 strains and 15 species(or genus) were gained from the close chicken house and they included the predominance fungi such as Aspergillus flavus(3.13×104 cfu/g),Fusarium(8.61×104 cfu/g),Saccharomyces(3.53×104 cfu/g).The total concn.of fungi in deposit dust was 2.03×105 cfu/g.Comparison on 2 kinds of fungal medium showed that,no matter on the separation species or on the separation amount the separation result of PDA was better than that of RBC.It was also found that the fungal concn.in deposit dust of chicken house was decreased with the height apart from the ground.[Conclusion] This study provided the important theory basis for the daily management of chicken house and the control of the epidemic disease caused by fungi.