长期施肥对不同有机质含量农田黑土土壤酶活性及土壤肥力的影响

【研究目的】探讨长期施肥对不同有机质含量农田黑土酶活性及土壤肥力的影响，【方法】本研究以5种不同有机质含量农田黑土（梨树（SOM1.7）、德惠（SOM3）、海伦（SOM5）、嫩江（SOM6）、北安（SOM11））为研究对象，测定并分析了土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、蛋白酶、蔗糖酶的活性及土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、有效磷含量。【结果】结果表明，化肥的施用可不同程度提高农田黑土的养分含量及土壤酶的活性，其中北安(SOM11)提高的幅度最大，与其它四种土壤之间达到了差异显著水平（p<0.05）。相关分析结果显示：土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、蛋白酶、蔗糖酶与土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮显著相关，土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶可以反映不同有机质含量农田黑土长期施肥后土壤质量变化趋势。

Effects of Long-term Fertilization on Enzyme Activities and Soil Fertility for Black Farmlands under Different Soil Matter Levels

【OBJECTIVE】The research investigated the effects of long-term fertilization on enzyme activities and soil fertility for the black farmlands under different soil matter levels.【METHOD】In this study, the research objects are black soils under five different organic matter levels (Lishu(SOM1.7), Dehui(SOM3), Helen(SOM5), Nenjing(SOM6), Bei'an(SOM11)), it analyzed the soil enzyme activities such as urease, phosphatase, protease, invertase and the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus.【RESUITS】The results showed that, the application of chemical fertilizers can increase the nutrient content and soil enzyme activities of black soil. Bei'an (SOM11) increase in maximum, reached significant difference level between it and other four soils (p<0.05). The results of correlation analysis showed that soil urease, phosphatase, protease, invertase and soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen are significantly related, soil urease, invertase can reflect the quality change trend of the soil under different organic matter levels after long-term fertilization.