人工与自动土壤水分观测资料差异探讨

为了给江苏省自动土壤水分观测资料的评估提供较好的方法，并为自动土壤水分观测资料偏差较大时的处理提供参考，从而使自动土壤水分观测的数据更准确、更具代表性。根据江苏省在2012年3—4月2个月人工与自动土壤水分观测资料的统计，并重点对土壤水分观测数据误差较大的台站进行了实地调研和分析。结果表明：在进行人工与自动土壤水分对比观测时，当出现土壤水分总的平均绝对误差值偏大时，要分析分层次土壤水分平均绝对误差值是否存在异常，如果分层次有异常，就需要分析相对应的人工土壤水分观测的4个土壤重量含水率是否有异常。江苏省土壤水分观测平均绝对误差值偏大的原因大部分是土质不同而造成，其次是仪器和人为测量原因造成。因此，选址和按规范观测显得尤为重要。

Discussion on the Differences Between Manual and Automatic Soil Moisture Observation Data

In order to provide better approach for the automatic evaluation of soil moisture observation data of Jiangsu Province and to provide references for processing when there is significant deviation in the automatic soil moisture observation data, in order to improve the automatic soil moisture observation data to be more accurate and more representative. This research is based on the data of manual and automatic soil moisture observation in two waves of March and April of 2012 in Jiangsu Province, and it makes emphasis field research and analysis to the stations that have significant deviation with the soil moisture observation data. The results show that: when processing comparison observations of manual and automatic soil moisture, people should analyze whether there is exception of the average absolute error value of the soil moisture at different levels when the total average absolute error value of soil moisture is relative large. If there are exceptions at different levels, it needs to analyze whether there are exceptions in the correspondent four weight of soil water content of the manual soil moisture observation. The average absolute error value of soil moisture observation in Jiangsu Province being relative high is mainly due to soil differences, and secondly because of instrument and man-made measurement reasons. Therefore, site selection and observation with specifications are particularly important.