气候变暖对辽宁西部地区冻土的影响

为了给工农业生产及冻土研究提供依据，利用辽宁西部1960/1961—2009/2010年冬季的气候资料，分析辽西半干旱区冻土持续期、冻土最大深度变化特征以及对气候变暖的响应。结果表明：辽宁西部地区冻土持续期变暖明显，气温倾向率为0.787℃/10 a，近10年比20世纪60年代升高3.2℃。在气候变暖环境下，冻土封冻始期变化平缓；冻土层化通日期存在提前趋势，近10年比20世纪60年代提前7天；冻土持续期存在缩短趋势，但不明显；冻土最大深度明显变浅，倾向率为-4.120 cm/10 a，近10年比20世纪60年代变浅12 cm。气温、地面温度及降水量对冻土最大深度影响显著，与气温存在线性关系，当气温每升高1℃，冻土最大深度将变浅5.74 cm。冻土层变浅有利于工农业生产，同时也有利于病虫越冬和界限北移，对防虫防疫不利。

Impact of Climate Warming on Permafrost in Western Liaoning

In order to provide the basis for industrial & agricultural production and permafrost research, analyze the permafrost duration, variation characteristics at maximum depth of permafrost and response to climate warming in semi-arid region of western Liaoning based on winter climate data from 1960/1961 to 2009/2010. The results showed that: permafrost duration in the western Liaoning was obviously impacted by climate warming, the temperature tendency was 0.787℃/10 a, nearly 10 a, 3.2℃ higher than the 1960s. Under the warming environment, permafrost frozen period changed smoothly; the permafrost melting date was being ahead of time, nearly 10 a, 7 d earlier than in the 1960s; the permafrost duration was decreasing, but not obvious; permafrost maximum depth was significantly decreasing, the temperature tendency was -4.120 cm/10 a, nearly 10 a, 12 cm less than the 1960s. Air temperature, ground temperature and precipitation made the significant impact on permafrost maximum depth, there was a linear relationship between air temperature and permafrost maximum depth, when the temperature increased by 1°C, the maximum depth of permafrost would decrease by 5.74 cm. The shallowing permafrost was conducive to industrial & agricultural production, and however, it caused pest overwintering and northward movement of plague boundaries, resulting in unfavorable impact on pest control and epidemic prevention.