ER及其相关基因在鸡性反转胚胎中的表达

为了对鸟类性别分化中起重要作用的基因进行深入分析，对家鸡性反转胚胎雌激素及相关调控基因表达模式进行了检测，分析这些性激素在鸟类性别分化调控起到的作用。选择ER、3βHSD、P450c17、P450arom 4个基因为主要研究对象，采用外源注入formestane（福美司坦）和17β-estradiol（17β雌二醇）2种手段，并设置雌雄鸡胚2个对照组，检测以上基因在胚胎早期发育过程中(84 h、96 h、120 h、144 h、168 h、192 h)的表达变化趋势。ER、3βHSD、P450c17、P450arom基因的表达变化在注入外源激素的试验组同未注射组间，差异均显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)，其中ER表现为下降趋势，P450arom表达激增，3βHSD、P450c17基因表达变化缺乏明显规律。雌激素调控是一个复杂的过程，在外源激素注入过程后，原有调控模式可能会被打乱。

Expression of ER and Its Related Genes in Chicken Sex-reversed Embryos

In order to analyze the genes that played an important role in sex differentiation of birds, this study was designed to detect expression profiles of estrogens and its related genes in sex-reversed chicken embryos. In the present study, after injection with formestane and 17β-estradiol, expression of ER, 3βHSD, P450c17, and p450arom were measured at the early development stages (84 h, 96 h, 120 h, 144 h, 168 h and 192 h incubation) in chicken embryos by real-time PCR. Embryos treated with formestane and 17β-estradiol were designed as test group, while embryos non-treated but sex differential comprised control group. The results showed that: expression of ER, 3βHSD, P450c17 and P450arom in control group showed normal expression trend, but when compared with test group, the difference was significant (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). For the test group, ER expression showed a downward trend, whereas, p450arom expression increased sharply. However, there was no obvious trend for the expression trend of 3βHSD and P450c17 genes. It was indicated that estrogen regulation was a complex process. Once injected with exogenous hormone, the normal regulation process would be disturbed significantly.