烟草漂浮育苗基质替代研究现状及展望

综述了烟草常用育苗基质材料如草炭、蛭石、稻谷壳、玉米秸秆的特性。从容重、粒径、孔隙度和气水比角度简述了烟草替代基质的物理特性评价方法，从阳离子代换量、pH和腐植酸方面回顾了替代基质的化学特性评价方法，从烟苗的农艺性状和生理生化指标方面归纳了替代基质的生物特性评价方法。论文总结了目前烟草无机替代基质如砂体基质、粉煤灰基质等以及有机替代基质如花生壳基质、炭化谷壳基质、玉米秸秆基质、蚯蚓肥基质、菌糠基质等的替代效果，认为烟草替代基质仍需从材料的选择、国家标准的制定、微生物菌剂的添加3个方面进一步开展科学研究。

Research Progress and Future Development on Substituted Medium in Tobacco Floating-bed Seedling Nursing System

The properties of medium such as peat, vermiculite, carbonized chaff, corn straw in tobacco floating system was summarized in this paper. The physical properties of substituted medium such as soil bulk density, particle size, porosity were evaluated. The chemical properties such as cation exchange capacity, pH and humic acid were discussed. The agronomic traits and physiological-biochemical indexes of tobacco seedlings which reflected biological properties of the medium were described. The effects of inorganic substituted medium such as sand, fly ash and organic substituted medium such as peanut bran, carbonized chaff, corn straw, vermicompost, mushroom residue were summarized. The future development of substituted medium including the screening, the establishment of standards, the addition of microorganism in tobacco breeding system was suggested.