极端干旱区珍稀濒危植物沙冬青人工种群重建研究

为了探讨极端干旱区珍稀濒危植物沙冬青人工种群重建技术，以苗龄为45天的沙冬青容器苗为试验材料，分析研究了不同立地类型、保水措施、建植时间以及灌水频度对其成活率、保苗率以及生长量的影响。结果表明，在年降雨量为110 mm条件下沙区（民勤），立地条件、建植时间、保水措施以及灌水频度对沙冬青容器苗建植后期保苗率以及植株生长量均有极其显著地影响(P＜0.01)，同时，立地条件和建植时间对建植苗成活率也有极显著的影响(P＜0.01)；在极端干旱荒漠区，5月初或9月初在固定沙丘、沙化退耕地以及轻度盐碱化退耕地进行沙冬青人工种群重建，成活率均在90%；沙冬青人工种群建植后，对建植苗采用覆膜保水措施和建植45天后适量补水能有效地遏制建植苗后期的死亡率，并能促进建植快速生长，次年9月建植种群保苗率高达93%以上，植株平均高度超过10.00 cm、冠幅大于5.60 cm×6.10 cm。

Study on Factors Influencing Artificial Population Reconstruction of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus in Extreme Arid Area

In order to discuss the artificial population reconstruction technology of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus in extreme arid area，the 45 days old container seedlings of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus were taken as test materials. Their transplant survival rates, later reservation rates and transplant seedlings growth under different site conditions, water conservation measures, transplanting times and irrigation frequencies were measured and analyzed by one way ANOVA. The results indicated that, in desert area where the years rainfall is about 110 mm (such as Minqin), site condition, planting time, water conservation measure and irrigation frequency had extremely significantly effect on their later reservation rates and growth amount of transplant seedlings (P<0.01). At same time, site condition and planting time also had very significantly influence on their transplant survival rates (P<0.01). During May early or September early, the artificial population reconstruction of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus had been planted in fixed sand dunes, sandy abandoned agricultural lands and mild salinization lands abandoned cultivation of extremely drought desert area, and their survival rates were over 90%. It was very important to take water conservation measures by covering plastic membrane immediately for transplanted container seedlings of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and add one times irrigation for 45 days old transplanted seedlings that could effectively hold back its later death, promote their quickly growth. And next year September, the reservation rate of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus artificial population exceeded 93%, and the average height of transplanted seedlings attained to 10.00 cm and their crown were greater than 5.60 cm×6.10 cm.