含有蒙脱土和多糖的吸水性复合物对彩叶草扦插生根能力的影响

为了提高彩叶草的生根能力，笔者在能耗低的室温下合成了含有天然产物蒙脱土(MMT)和羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)的环境友好型吸水性复合物。采用正交实验法研究了吸水性复合物的组成和合成条件对彩叶草生根指标的影响规律，运用层次分析法(AHP)筛选出了综合生根能力最佳时的吸水性复合物。结果表明所合成的吸水性复合物均不同程度地提高了彩叶草的生根能力，但不同组成复合物间的差别很大。吸水性复合物中天然组分含量对彩叶草生根影响显著，其中粘土类天然产物MMT对彩叶草根系的形成后期（根系质量及生长速度）影响最大，多糖类天然产物CMC对彩叶草插穗的根系形成前期（促进插穗伤口愈合和生根）影响最大。施用综合生根能力最佳的吸水性复合物，彩叶草的生根率、生根数、总根长、最长根长、根系干重和综合生根能力分别是对照试样的6、20、22、2.3、7.2和18.4倍，这对提高彩叶草等草花的繁殖系数有重要意义，为该类吸水性复合物在园林扦插繁殖中的应用提供了试验依据。关键词：彩叶草；综合生根能力；吸水性复合物；蒙脱土；羧甲基纤维素钠；层次分析法

Effect of Superabsorbent Composites Containing Montmorillonite and Polysaccharides on the Rooting Ability of Coleus Cuttings

In order to improve the rooting ability of coleus, environmentally-friendly superabsorbent composites based on natural products such as montmorillonite (MMT) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were prepared at room temperature with characteristics of low energy consumption. The effect of composites composition and synthesis conditions on the rooting indicators of coleus were studied by orthogonal experiment. A superabsorbent composite with optimum comprehensive rooting ability was obtained using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The results showed that the synthesized composites can improve the rooting ability of coleus to varying degrees, however, significant differences were observed among different composites. The natural components content significantly impacts the rooting ability of coleus. MMT, a natural clay, has the greatest influence on the late rooting formation (root mass and growth rate). CMC, a natural polysaccharide, has the greatest influence on the early rooting formation (cuttings wound healing and rooting). Compared with the control sample, the rooting rate, root number, total root length, maximum root length, root dry weight and comprehensive rooting ability of coleus using the optimum superabsorbent composites increased 6, 20, 22, 2.3, 7.2 and 18.4 times, respectively, which was important to improve the flower breeding coefficient such as coleus, providing an experimental basis for this superabsorbent composite in the garden cutting propagation.