云南景迈山和六大茶山古茶园土壤养分分析

为弄清景迈山和六大茶山古茶园土壤养分状况，为更好地保护和利用古茶园提供科学依据，用油浴加热重铬酸钾氧化-溶量法和碱解扩散法等方法测定古茶园土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾的含量。结果表明，景迈山古茶园土壤有机质和速效磷平均含量均较六大茶山高，而碱解氮和速效钾平均含量均较六大茶山低，景迈山古茶园土壤均达到Ⅰ级茶园土壤标准，六大茶山古茶园土壤均达到Ⅱ级茶园土壤标准。景迈山土壤养分含量变异系数由大到小依次为速效磷>碱解氮>速效钾>有机质，六大茶山土壤养分含量变异系数由大到小依次为速效磷>速效钾>碱解氮>有机质，其中景迈山有机质和碱解氮均较六大茶山大，而速效磷和速效钾均较六大茶山小。LSD多重比较表明，景迈山和六大茶山共16个地方古茶园土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾的平均含量差异显著。

Analysis on Soil Nutrient of the Ancient Tea Garden of Jingmaishan and Liudachashan in Yunnan

The content of organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorous, available potassium of ancient tea garden soil nutrient were detected with oil bath heating potassium dichromate oxidation-dissolved method, alkali solution diffusion method and etc. in Jingmaishan and Liudachashan in order to make clear soil nutrient condition. Then, it provided the scientific basis for better protection and utilization of ancient tea garden. The results showed that the average content of the organic matter and available nitrogen of ancient tea gardens soil were higher in Jingmaishan than Liudachashan’s, but the average content of the available phosphorus and available potassium were lower in Jingmaishan than Liudachashan’s. The soil reach tea plantation soil standard ofⅠgrade in Jingmaishan ancient tea garden and Ⅱgrade in Liudachashan ancient tea garden. The coefficient of variation of the ancient tea garden soil nutrient content were available phosphorous, available nitrogen, available potassium and organic matter from large to small in Jingmaishan. The coefficient of variation of the ancient tea garden soil nutrient content were available phosphorous, available potassium, available nitrogen and organic matter from large to small in Liudachashan. The organic matter and available nitrogen were larger in jingmaishan than Liudachashan’s among coefficient of variation of soil nutrient, but available phosphorous and available potassium were smaller in Jingmaishan than Liudachashan’s. The LSD multiple comparison results showed that the average contents were different significant with organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorous, available potassium of sixteen locations ancient tea gardens in Jingmaishan and Liudachashan.