施肥对新麦草种子产量及产量组分的影响

以新麦草为材料,在河北坝上高原区种子生产实验研究中得出:在生育期中灌水6 次、磷酸二铵做种肥的条件下,施化肥对新麦草种子产量影响显著,秋施45kgN/hm2 45kgP2O5/hm2、春施90 kgN/hm2 时种子产量最高,为265.1 kg/hm2;新麦草种子产量的首要影响因素是单位面积生殖枝数,生殖枝主要由上年果前短营养枝转化,秋春施氮可以增加果前短营养枝/m2,使第二年生殖枝数/m2 增加。同一施氮量下,秋春分施氮肥与春季一次施氮处理之间,小穗数/生殖枝、小花数/小穗、种子数/小穗及种子千粒重差异不显著。

Effect of Fertilizer on Seed Yield and Yield Components of Psathyrostachys juncea

The experiments of fertilizer application were conducted with Psathyrostachys juncea to study the changes of seed yield and yield components in the seed production in the tableland, Hebei. Seed yield of Psathyrostachys juncea was improved significantly by fertilizer. The maximum seed yield was 265.1 kg/hm~2 at application of 45 kgP_2O_5/hm~2 45 kgN/hm~2 in autumn and 90 kgN/hm~2 in spring. Fertile tillers developing from short vegetative shoots before fruit last year were the most important in all the yield components. Short vegetative shoots before fruit increased by applying N in autumn and spring so that fertile tillers next year increased. In the same amount of N application, there were no significant difference in spikelet number/fertile tiller, floret number/spikelet,seed number/spikelet and thousand- seed weight between N application in autumn and spring and that only in spring.