动物园环境丰容的基础与原则

从时代发展、保护教育与游客需要、动物的生理与心理需求和动物园自身发展的角度说明了动物园进行环境丰容的必要性。对野外生活环境下与圈养条件下动物生存条件的差异进行了比较,丰容工作应依据野生动物的自然史,充分利用动物学、动物生态学、动物地理学、保护生物学和动物行为学等相关学科的基础知识及其研究成果,根据动物的生物学特性,增加自然因素,提供更多的刺激,给动物更多的选择,增强动物的主体能动性,使动物展示出更多的自然行为,并结合动物园实际指出了进行丰容工作的注意事项。

Basis And Principle of Environmental Enrichment for Zoos

We describe the need for enrichment of four aspects of the zoo environment:time development,conservation education and tourist demands,biological and physiological needs of animals,and self - development of the zoo.Environmental enrichment should be in accordance with the natural life history of wildlife,and make full use of biology,ecology,zoogeography, conservation biology,animal ethology,and related disciplines.According to the biological characteristics of the animals, we recommend to introduce more natural factors,provide more stimulation,and give more choices to animals in an effort to increase their display of natural activities.We address matters needing attention with reference to typical zoo practice.