上犹县长防林不同森林植被类型土壤蓄水能力初探

通过2004和2009年两次对江西上犹长防林不同森林植被类型土壤持水特性的测定分析,结果表明:同一植被类型随着其生长发育,其土壤蓄水能力相应提高;各植被类型的土壤蓄水能力均明显高于荒山地;土壤容重、毛管孔隙度及非毛管孔隙度三者的综合特征对土壤蓄水能力有着重要影响;不同植被类型的土壤蓄水能力存在差异,针阔混交林的土壤蓄水能力优于杉木纯林、针叶混交林、湿地松纯林和马尾松纯林;2004、2009年各植被类型土壤蓄水能力分别在25200~40320 t hm-2和30240~63360 t hm-2之间,若蓄存1×108 m3的水则所需的相应森林面积分别在2480.2~3968.3 hm2和1578.3~3206.9 hm2之间,而荒山地则分别为7142.9 hm2和7440.5 hm2。

Water Capacities of Soil in Different Vegetation Types in Shangyou Protection Forest of Jiangxi Province

The water conservation capacity of soil was studied in different Vegetation types in Shangyou protection forest of Jiangxi Province by 2004 and 2009.The results showed that the water conservation capacity of the same vegetation type increased with its growth and development.The effect of every conservation forest was significantly superior to barren land.The three factors,including soil bulk density,capillary porosity and non-capillary porosity,have an important impact on soil water storage capacity.Among the types of protective forests studied,the effects were significantly different.The mixed forests of coniferous and broadleaf were more effective than Chinese fir forest,coniferous forest,slash pine forest and the masson pine forest.The values of water conservation capacity of soil in the forests varied from 25200 to 40320 t hm-2 in 2004,and from 30240 to 63360 t hm-2 in 2009.In order to hold one billion m3 water by soil dam,the area needed for forests varied from 2480.2 to 3968.3 hm2 and from 1578.3 to 3026.9 hm2,while the barren land needed 7142.9 hm2 and 7440.5 hm2.